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Caturviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam

Technical Details

āryasatyaparīkṣā caturviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam |
atrāha -

yadi śūnyamidaṃ sarvamudayo nāsti na vyayaḥ |
caturṇāmāryasatyānāmabhāvaste prasajyate ||1||

yadi yuktyā nopapadyate iti kṛtvā sarvamidaṃ bāhyamādhyātmikaṃ bhāvajātaṃ śūnyamiti pratipāditam , nanu ca evaṃ sati bahavaśca mahāntaśca doṣā bhavata āpadyante | kathaṃ kṛtvā ? yadi sarvamidaṃ śūnyaṃ syāt, tadā yacchūnyaṃ tannāsti, yacca nāsti, tadavidyamānatvād vandhyāputravannaivotpadyate na cāpi nirudhyate, iti na kasyacitpadārthasya udayo vyayaśca | tadabhāvācca caturṇāmāryasatyānāmabhāvaḥ te śūnyavādinaḥ prasajyate | kathaṃ kṛtvā? iha hi pūrvahetujanitāḥ pratītyasamutpannāḥ pañcopādāna skandhāḥ duḥkhaduḥkhatayā vipariṇāmaduḥkhatayā saṃskāraduḥkhatayā ca pratikūlavartitvācca pīḍātmakatvena duḥkhamityucyate | etacca duḥkhamāryā eva viparyāsaprahāṇe sati duḥkhamiti saṃjānate, na anāryāḥ, viparyāsānugatatvāt, yathādarśanaṃ ca padārthasvabhāvavyavasthānāt | yathā hi viparyastendriyāṇāṃ madhurasvabhāvamapi guḍaśarkarādikaṃ tiktatayā upalabhamānānāṃ jvarādirogāturāṇāṃ tiktataiva satyaṃ tajjñānāpekṣayā, mādhuryam, tenātmanā tasya vastuno'nupalabhyamānatvāt, evamihāpi yadyapi pañcopādānaskandhā duḥkhasvabhāvā bhavanti, tathāpi ye etān duḥkhātmakān paśyanti, teṣāmeva duḥkhaṃ vyavasthāpyate, na viparyāsānugamādanyathopalabhamānānāmiti | ataḥ āryāṇāmeva duḥkhātmatā satyamiti kṛtvā duḥkhamāryasatyamityucyate | nanu ca anāryairduḥkhā vedanā duḥkhamiti paricchidyate iti, evaṃ tatkathaṃ duḥkhamāryāṇāmeva satyam? satyam | na hi duḥkhaiva vedanā kevalaṃ duḥkhasatyam, kiṃ tarhi pañcāpyupādānaskandhāḥ, ityataḥ āryāṇāmeva tat satyamiti kṛtvā āryasatyamiti vyavasthāpyate | yathoktam -

ūrṇāpakṣma yathaiva hi karatalasaṃsthaṃ na vi (ve?) dyate puṃbhiḥ |
akṣigataṃ tu tadeva hi janayatyaratiṃ ca pīḍāṃ ca ||

karatalasadṛśo bālo na vetti saṃskāraduḥkhatāpakṣma |
akṣisadṛśastu vidvān tenaivodvejate gāḍham ||iti |

tasmādāryāṇāmeva tadduḥkhasatyamiti duḥkhamāryasatyamiti vyavasthāpyate ||

kadā ca tadduḥkhamāryasatyaṃ yujyate? yadā saṃskārāṇāmudayavyayau saṃbhavataḥ | yadā tu śūnyatvānna kiṃcidutpadyate nāpi kiṃcinnirudhyate, tadā nāsti duḥkham ||

asati ca duḥkhe kutaḥ samudayasatyam? yato hi hetorduḥkham, samudeti samutpadyate sa hetuḥ tṛṣṇākarmakleśalakṣaṇaḥ samudaya ityucyate | yadā tu phalabhūtaṃ duḥkhasatyaṃ nāsti, tadā phalarahitasya hetukatvānupapatteḥ samudayo'pi nāsti ||

duḥkhasya ca vigamaḥ apunarutpādaḥ nirodha ityucyate | yadā tu duḥkhameva nāsti, tadā kasya nirodhaḥ syāditi? ato duḥkhanirodho'pi na saṃbhavati | asati hi duḥkhe nirodhasatyasyā pyabhāvaḥ | asati ca duḥkhanirodhe kuto duḥkhanirodhagāminī āryāṣṭāṅgamārgānugā pratipad bhaviṣyatīti mārgasatyamapi nāstīti | tadevaṃ śūnyatvaṃ bhāvānāṃ bruvataḥ caturṇāmāryasatyānāmabhāvaḥ prasajyate ||1||

tataśca ko doṣa iti ? ucyate -

parijñā ca prahāṇaṃ ca bhāvanā sākṣikarma ca |
caturṇāmāryasatyānāmabhāvānnopapadyate ||2||

caturṇāmāryasatyānāmabhāvaprasaṅge sati yadetadanityādibhirākārairduḥkhasatyaparijñānaṃ duḥkhasamudayasya ca prahāṇaṃ duḥkhanirodhagāminyāśca pratipado bhāvanā duḥkhanirodhasya ca sākṣikarma sākṣātkaraṇam, tannopapadyate ||2||

yadi duḥkhādīnāmāryasatyānāmabhāve sati parijñānādikaṃ nāsti, tadā ko doṣa iti? ucyate -

tadabhāvānna vidyante catvāryāryaphalāni ca |
phalābhāve phalasthā no na santi pratipannakāḥ ||3||

saṃgho nāsti na cetsanti te'ṣṭau puruṣapudgalāḥ |
abhāvāccāryasatyānāṃ saddharmo'pi na vidyate ||4||

dharme cāsati saṃghe ca kathaṃ buddho bhaviṣyati |

yadā caivaṃ duḥkhaparijñānādikaṃ nāsti, tadā, asminnasati srotaāpattisakṛdāgāmyanāgāmyarhatphalākhyaṃ phalacatuṣṭayaṃ nopapadyate | kathaṃ kṛtvā ? iha kleśānāṃ prahāṇaṃ saṃpiṇḍitaṃ phalākhyaṃ pratilabhate | tadyathā - saṃyojanatrayaprahāṇe sati ṣoḍaśe mārge anvayajñānakṣaṇe yat kleśaprahāṇaṃ tat srotaāpattiphalam | kāmāvacarāṇāṃ bhāvanāprahātavyānāṃ kleśānāmadhimātramadhyamṛdūnāṃ prakārāṇāṃ punaradhimātramadhyamṛduprakārabhedena pratyekaṃ bhidyamānānāṃ nava prakārā bhavanti | tatra kāmāvacaraṣaṣṭha kleśaprakāraparikṣaye vimuktimārge yat prahāṇaṃ tat sakṛdāgāmiphalam | teṣāmeva kāmāvacarāṇāṃ navamaprakārakleśaparikṣaye vimuktimārge yat kleśaprahāṇaṃ tadanāgāmiphalam | rūpārūpyāvacarāṇāṃ kleśānāṃ bhāvanāprahātavyānāṃ bhūmau bhūmau navaprakārabhedabhinnānāṃ yāvannaivasaṃjñānāsaṃjñāyatanabhūmikanavamakleśaprakāraparikṣaye vimuktimārge yat prahāṇaṃ tadarhatphalam | ityetāni catvāri phalāni | tānyetāni kathaṃ yujyante? yadi duḥkhasya parijñānaṃ saṃbhavati, samudayasya prahāṇam, nirodhasya sākṣātkaraṇam, āryamārgasya ca bhāvanā bhavati | yadā tu duḥkhādīnāmāryasatyānāmabhāve sati duḥkhaparijñānādikaṃ nāsti, tadā na santi tāni catvāri phalāni | caturṇā ca phalānāmabhāve sati ye teṣu vyavasthitāḥ phalasthāścatvāra āryapudgalāḥ, te na santi | ata eva ca pratipannakā api catvāra āryapudgalā na saṃvidyante ||

iha hi ṣoḍaśāt mārge'nvayajñānakṣaṇāt pūrve ye pañcadaśa kṣāntijñānakṣaṇāḥ, tadyathā -traidhātukaduḥkhābhisamaye duḥkhasatyālambanāścatvāraḥ kṣāntijñānakṣaṇāḥ | tatra katame traidhātukaduḥkhābhisamaye catvāraḥ kṣāntijñānakṣaṇāḥ? tadyathā - kāmāvacaraduḥkhadarśanaprahātavyasatkāyāntagrāhamithyādṛṣṭidṛṣṭiparāmarśaśīlavrataparāmarśavicikitsārāgapratighamānāvidyākhyadaśānuśayapratipakṣaḥ anityaduḥkhaśūnyānātmākārotpannaḥ kāmāvacaraduḥkhasatyālambanaḥ ānantaryamārgalakṣaṇaḥ duḥkhe dharmajñānakṣāntikṣaṇaḥ ekaḥ | tadālambanākāra eva ca vimuktimārgalakṣaṇaḥ duḥkhe dharmajñānakṣaṇaḥ dvitīyaḥ | evaṃ rūpārūpyāvacaraduḥkhasatyālambanaḥ pratighavarjitānantaroktāṣṭādaśānuśayapratipakṣaḥ duḥkhādyākārotpannaḥ ānantaryamārga lakṣaṇaḥ duḥkhe anvayajñānakṣāntikṣaṇastṛtīyaḥ | tadālambanākāra eva ca vimuktimārgalakṣaṇaḥ duḥkhe'nvayajñānakṣaṇaścaturthaḥ ||

yathā caite traidhātukāvacaraduḥkhasatyābhisamaye kṣāntijñānakṣaṇāścatvāraḥ, evaṃ kāmāvacarasamudayadarśanaprahātavyamithyādṛṣṭidṛṣṭiparāmarśavicikitsārāgapratighamānāvidyākhyasaptānuśayapratipakṣaḥ hetu samudayaprabhavapratyayākārotpannaḥ kāmāvacarasamudayasatyālambanaḥ ānantaryamārgalakṣaṇaḥ samudaye dharmajñāna kṣāntikṣaṇaḥ ekaḥ | tadālambanākāra eva ca vimuktimārgalakṣaṇaḥ samudaye dharmajñānakṣayo dvitīyaḥ | evaṃ rūpārūpyāvacarasamudayasatyālambanaḥ pratighavarjitānantaroktadvādaśānuśayapratipakṣaḥ samudayasatyā kārotpannaḥ ānantaryamārgalakṣaṇaḥ samudaye'nvayajñānakṣāntikṣaṇastṛtīyaḥ | tadālambanākāra eva ca vimuktimārgalakṣaṇaḥ samudaye'nvayajñānakṣaṇaścaturthaḥ | ityete traidhātukāvacaraduḥkhasamudayasatyābhisamaye catvāraḥ kṣaṇāḥ ||

yathā caite catvāraḥ kṣaṇāḥ traidhātukaduḥkhasamudayasatyābhisamaye, evaṃ kāmāvacaraduḥkhanirodha darśanaprahātavyasamudayoktasaptānuśayapratipakṣaḥ nirodhaśāntapraṇītaniḥsaraṇākārotpannaḥ kāmāvacaraduḥkha nirodhasatyālambanaḥ ānantaryamārgalakṣaṇaḥ nirodhe dharmajñānakṣāntikṣaṇaḥ ekaḥ | tadālambanākāra eva ca vimuktimārgalakṣaṇaḥ nirodhe dharmajñānakṣaṇaḥ dvitīyaḥ | etaireva ākāraiḥ rūpārūpyāvacaraduḥkhanirodha satyālambanaḥ pratighavarjitadvādaśānuśayapratipakṣaḥ ānantaryamārgalakṣaṇaḥ nirodhe anvayajñānakṣāntikṣaṇa stṛtīyaḥ | tadālambanākāra eva ca vimuktimārgalakṣaṇaḥ nirodhe anvayajñānakṣaṇaścaturthaḥ | ityete traidhātukāvacaraduḥkhanirodhasatyābhisamaye catvāraḥ kṣaṇāḥ ||

evaṃ kāmāvacaraduḥkhanirodhagāmimārgadarśanaprahātavyanirodhoktānuśayeṣu śīlavrataparāmarśamaṣṭamaṃ prakṣipya aṣṭānuśayapratipakṣaḥ mārganyāyapratiopannairyāṇikākārotpannaḥ kāmāvacaraduḥkhanirodhagāmimārgā lambanaḥ ānantaryamārgalakṣaṇaḥ mārge dharmajñānakṣāntikṣaṇaḥ ekaḥ | tadālambanākāra eva ca vimukti mārgalakṣaṇaḥ mārge dharmajñānakṣaṇaḥ dvitīyaḥ | etairevākāraiḥ rūpārūpyāvacaraduḥkhanirodhagāmimārgālambanaḥ pratighavarjitacaturdaśānuśayapratipakṣaḥ ānantaryamārgalakṣaṇo mārge'nvayajñānakṣāntikṣaṇaḥ tṛtīyaḥ | ityete pañcadaśa kṣaṇāḥ darśanamārgābhidhānāḥ ||

evaṃ vyavasthitaḥ āryaḥ srotaāpattiphalasākṣātkriyāyai pratipannakaḥ ityucyate | ṣoḍaśe tu mārge'nvayajñānasthitaḥ sa srotaāpanna ityucyate ||

ta ete aṣṭāśītiranuśayāḥ satyānāṃ darśanamātreṇa bhāvanāmanapekṣyaiva prahīyante iti kṛtvā darśanaprahātavyā ityucyante | yathādṛṣṭasatyākārabhāvanayā tu ye paścātprahīyante te bhāvanāprahātavyāḥ | te ca daśānuśayā bhavanti | kāmāvacarā rāgapratighamānāvidyāḥ | rūpāvacarā eva pratighavarjitāsrayaḥ | ārūpyāvacarāśca trayaḥ ete eveti daśa bhavanti | ete ca yathoktena nyāyena bhūmau bhūmau navadhā bhidyante, kāmadhātau caturṣu dhyāneṣu, caturṣvārūpyeṣu | ekaikasya ca kleśaprakārasya prahāṇārtha mānantaryavimuktimārgabhedena dvau dvau jñānakṣaṇau vyavasthāpyete kleśakṣaṇaviparyayeṇa | adhimātrādhimātro hi kleśaprakāraḥ mṛdumṛdubhyāmānantaryavimuktimārgābhyāṃ prahīyate | yāvanmṛdumṛdukleśaprakāro'dhimātrā dhimātrābhyāṃ jñānakṣaṇābhyāṃ prahīyate | sthūlaṃ hi malamalpaprayatnasādhyam, sūkṣmaṃ tu mahāyatnasādhyaṃ rajakavastradhāvanasādharmyeṇeti vijñeyam ||

tatra darśanamārgādūrdhvaṃ kāmāvacarabhāvanāprahātavyaṣaṣṭhakleśaprakārapratipakṣavimuktimārgākhyajñānakṣaṇādarvāg jñānakṣaṇāvasthitaḥ āryaḥ sakṛdāgāmiphalapratipannaka ityucyate | sakṛdimaṃ lokamāgatya parinirvāṇāt sakṛdāgāmītyucyate, tatphalārthaṃpratipannakaḥ prayogasthaḥ sakṛdāgāmiphalapratipannaka ityucyate | ṣaṣṭhe tu kṣaṇe sakṛdāgāmītyucyate ||

ṣaṣṭhāt kṣaṇādūrdhva navamakleśaprakāraprahāṇavimuktimārgakṣaṇādarvāgjñānakṣaṇeṣu vartamānaḥ āryaḥ anāgāmiphalapratipannaka ityucyate | anāgatya imaṃ lokaṃ tatraiva parinirvāṇādanāgāmītyucyate | tatphalārthaṃ pratipannakaḥ prayogasthaḥ anāgāmiphalapratipannaka ityucyate | navame tu kṣaṇe anāgāmītyucyate ||

kāmāvacaranavamavimuktimārgakṣaṇādūrdhvaṃ naivasaṃjñānāsaṃjñātayanabhūmikanavamakleśaprakāraprahāṇavimuktimārgakṣaṇādarvāgjñānakṣaṇeṣu vartamānaḥ āryaḥ arhatphalapratipannakaḥ ityucyate | sadevamānuṣāsurāllokāt pūjārhatvādarhannityucyate | tatphalārthaṃ pratipannakaḥ prayogasthaḥ arhatphalapratipannakaḥ ityucyate | bhavāgrikanavamakleśaprakāraprahāṇāttu navamavimuktimārge vyavasthitaḥ arhan bhavati ||

ta ete catvāraḥ pratipannakāḥ pudgalāḥ, catvāraśca phalasthāḥ ityete aṣṭau mahāpuruṣapudgalā bhavanti | paramadakṣiṇārhā uktā bhagavatā | yathoktaṃ sūtre -

pṛṣṭaḥ sa devarājena śakreṇa vaśavartinā |
kṛṣatāṃ yajamānānāṃ prāṇināṃ puṇyakāṅkṣiṇām ||

kurvatāṃ śraddhaddadhānānāṃ puṇyamaupadhikaṃ sadā |
sukṣetraṃ te pravakṣyāmi yatra dattaṃ mahatphalam ||

pratipannakāścatvāraścatvāraśca phalasthitāḥ |
eṣa saṃgho dakṣiṇīyo vidyācaraṇasaṃpadā ||iti |

yadi catvāri āryasatyāni na santi teṣāṃ ca parijñānāni, tadā satyadarśanabhāvanā labhyānāṃ phalānāmabhāvāt pratipannakaphalasthapudgalānāmabhāva eva | ataśca saṃgho nāsti | tatra adhigamadharmeṇa pratyakṣadharmatayā sarvamārairapi buddhe bhagavati abhedyatvādavetya prasādalābhena saṃghaḥ, sa na syāt | na cet santi te'ṣṭau puruṣapudgalāḥ ||

āryasatyānāṃ ca abhāvāt saddharmo'pi na saṃbhavati | satāmāryāṇāṃ dharmaḥ saddharmaḥ | tatra nirodhasatyaṃ phaladharmaḥ, mārgasatyaṃ tu phalāvatāradharmaḥ | eṣa tāvadadhigamadharmaḥ | tatsaṃprakāśikā deśanā āgamadharmaḥ | sarva eṣa āryasatyānāmabhāve sati nāstīti -

abhāvāccāryasatyānāṃ saddharmo'pi na vidyate |
dharme cāsati saṃghe ca kathaṃ buddhao bhaviṣyati ||

yadi hi yathokto dharmaḥ syāt, tadā taddharmapratipattyā sarvākārasarvadharmābhisaṃbodhād buddho bhavatīti yuktaṃ syāt | yadi ca saṃghaḥ syāt, tadā tadupadeśairupacīyamānajñānasaṃbhāraḥ taddānamāna śaeraṇagamanādibhiśca upacīyamānapuṇyasaṃbhāraḥ kramād buddho bhavet ||

athavā | asati saṃghe srotaāpattiphalapratipannakādīnāmabhāvaḥ syāt | na ca pratipannakāditvamaprāpya buddhatvamāpyate | avaśyaṃ hi pūrvaṃ bhagavatā kasmiṃścit phale vyavasthātavyam | tatra ca phale vyavasthitaḥ saṃghāntaḥpātyeva bhagavān bhavati | saṃghe cāsati niyataṃ nāsti bhagavān buddhaḥ | atha bhagavānapi aśaikṣāntarbhāvāt saṃghāntargata eva | tathā ca buddhapramukho bhikṣusaṃghaḥ ityabhidhānāt saṃghāntargata eva bhagavān iti kecidvarṇayanti | teṣāṃ matena spaṣṭamevaitat -

dharme cāsati saṃghe ca kathaṃ buddho bhaviṣyati |iti |
madhyoddeśikāśca mahāvastūpadiṣṭabhūmivyavasthayā prathamabhūmisthitaṃ bodhisattvamutpannadarśanamārgaṃ vyācakṣāṇāḥ saṃghāntaḥpātinaṃ vyācakṣate | tadā saṃghe cāsati bodhisattvo'pi nāstīti kathaṃ buddho bhaviṣyatīti spaṣṭamevaitat | tad -

evaṃ trīṇyapi ratnāni bruvāṇaḥ pratibādhase ||5||

śūnyatāmityevaṃ vadan buddhadharmasaṃghākhyāni trīṇyapi durlabhatvāt kadācideva utpattitaḥ alpapuṇyānāṃ ca tadaprāpteḥ mahārghamūlyatvād ratnāni pratibādhase ||5||

kiṃ cānyat -

śūnyatāṃ phalasadbhāvamadharmaṃ dharmameva ca |
sarvasaṃvyavahārāṃśca laukikān pratibādhase ||6||

śūnyatāṃ bruvāṇa ityanena saṃbandhaḥ | yadi sarvamidaṃ śūnyam , yadā sarvameva nāsti, tadā sarvāntaḥ pātitvāt dharmādharmau saha taddhetukena iṣṭāniṣṭaphalena na saṃbhavataḥ | sarva eva cāmī laukikā vyavahārāḥ - kuru , paca, khāda, tiṣṭha, gaccha, āgaccha ityevamādayo'pi sarvāntargatatvāt sarvadharmāṇāṃ ca śūnyatvānnaiva yujyante iti | ato nāyaṃ yathopavarṇito nyāyo jyāyāniti ||6||

atra brūmaḥ śūnyatāyāṃ na tvaṃ vetsi prayojanam |
śūnyatāṃ śūnyatārthaṃ ca tata evaṃ vihanyase ||7||

sa bhavān svavikalpanayaiva nāstitvaṃ śūnyatārtha ityevaṃ viparītamadhyāropya " yadi sarvamidaṃ śūnyamudayo nāsti na vyayaḥ" ityādinopālambhaṃ bruvāṇo'smāsu mahāntaṃ khedamāpanno'tīva vihanyate vividhairbhūtaiḥ parikalpairhanyate ityarthaḥ | na tvayamasmābhiratra śāstre śūnyatārthaṃ upavarṇito yastvayā parigṛhītaḥ, śūnyatārthaṃ cājānānaḥ śūnyatāmapi na jānāsi | na cāpi śūnyatāyā yatprayojanaṃ tadvijānāsi | tataśca yathāvasthitavastusvarūpāparijñānena etat tvayā bahucāyuktamasmadvayākhyānāsaṃbaddhamevopavarṇitam ||

atha kiṃ punaḥ śūnyatāyāṃ prayojanam ? uktameva tadātmaparīkṣāyām -

karmakleśakṣayānmokṣaḥ karmakleśā vikalpataḥ |
te prapañcātprapañcastu śūnyatāyāṃ nirudhyate ||iti ||

ato niravaśeṣaprapañcopaśamārthaṃ śūnyatopadiśyate, tasmātsarvaprapañcopaśamaḥ śūnyatāyāṃ prayojanam | bhavāṃstu nāstitvaṃ śūnyatārthaṃ parikalpayan prapañcajālameva saṃvardhayamāno na śūnyatāyāṃ prayojanaṃ vetti ||

atha kā punaḥ śūnyatā? sāpi tatraivoktā |
aparapratyayaṃ śāntaṃ prapañcairaprapañcitam ||

nirvikalpamanānārthametattatvasya lakṣaṇam ||iti |

ataḥ prapañcanivṛttisvabhāvāyāṃ śūnyatāyāṃ kuto nāstitvamiti śūnyatāmapina jānāti bhavān | yaṃ cārthamupādāya śūnyatāśabdaḥ pravartate, tamapīhaiva pratipādayiṣyāmaḥ -
yaḥ pratītyasamutpādaḥ śūnyatāṃ tāṃ pracakṣmahe |
sā prajñaptirupādāya pratipatsaiva madhyamā ||iti ||

yaḥ pratyayairjāyati sa hyajāto
na tasya utpādu svabhāvato'sti |
yaḥ pratyayādhīnu sa śūnyu ukto
yaḥ śūnyatāṃ jānati so'pramattaḥ ||

iti bhagavato gāthāvacanāt | evaṃ pratītyasamutpādaśabdasya yo'rthaḥ, sa eva śūnyatā śabdasyārthaḥ, na punarabhāvaśabdasya yo'rthaḥ sa śūnyatāśabdasyārthaḥ | abhāvaśabdārthaṃ ca śūnyatārtha mityadhyāropya bhavānasmānupālabhate | tasmācchūnyatāśabdārthamapi na jānāti | ajānānaśca tvamevamupālambhaṃ kurvan niyataṃ vihanyase ||7||

kaścāsmākaṃ yathoktamupālambhaṃ karoti? yo bhagavatpravacanopadiṣṭāviparītasatyadvayavibhāgaṃ na jānāti, kevalaṃ granthamātrādhyayanapara eveti | ata ācāryaḥ karuṇayā parasya mithyāpravacanārthāva bodhanirāsārthaṃ bhagavatpravacanopadiṣṭāviparītasatyadvayavyavasthāmeva tāvadadhikṛtyāha -

dve satye samupāśritya buddhānāṃ dharmadeśanā |
lokasaṃvṛtisatyaṃ ca satyaṃ ca paramārthataḥ ||8||
iha hi bhagavatāṃ buddhānāṃ satyadvayamāśritya dharmadeśanā pravartate | katamatsatyadvayam ? lokasaṃvṛtisatyaṃ ca paramārthasatyaṃ ca | tatra

skandhātmā loka ākhyātastatra loko hi niśritaḥ |

iti vacanātpañca skandhānupādāya prajñapyamānaḥ pudgalo loka ityucyate | samantādvaraṇaṃ saṃvṛtiḥ | ajñānaṃ hi samantātsarvapadārthatattvāvacchādanātsaṃvṛtirityucyate | parasparasaṃbhavanaṃ vā saṃvṛtiranyonyasamāśrayeṇetyarthaḥ | athavā saṃvṛtiḥ saṃketo lokavyavahāra ityarthaḥ | sa cābhidhānābhi dheyajñānajñeyādilakṣaṇaḥ | loke saṃvṛtirlokasaṃvṛtiḥ | kiṃ punaralokasaṃvṛtirapyasti yata evaṃ viśiṣyate lokasaṃvṛtiriti? yathāvasthitapadārthānuvāda eṣaḥ, nātraiṣā cintāvatarati | athavā | timirakāmalādyupahatendriyaviparītadarśanāvasthānāste'lokāḥ, teṣāṃ yā saṃvṛtirasāvalokasaṃvṛtiḥ | ato viśiṣyate lokasaṃvṛtiriti | etacca madhyamakāvatāre vistareṇoktaṃ tato veditavyam | lokasaṃvṛtyā satyaṃ lokasaṃvṛtisatyam | sarva evāyamabhidhānābhidheyajñānajñeyādivyavahāro'śeṣo lokasaṃvṛtisatyamityucyate | na hi paramārthata ete vyavahārāḥ saṃbhavanti | tatra hi -

nivṛttamabhidhātavyaṃ nivṛtte cittagocare |
anutpannāniruddhā hi nirvāṇamiva dharmatā ||

iti kṛtvā kutastatra paramārthe vācāṃ pravṛttiḥ kuto vā jñānasya ? sa hi paramārtho'parapratyayaḥ śāntaḥ pratyātmavedya āryāṇāṃ sarvaprapañcātītaḥ | sa nopadiśyate na cāpi jñāyate | uktaṃ hi pūrvam -

aparapratyayaṃ śāntaṃ prapañcairaprapañcitam |
nirvikalpamanānārthametattattvasya lakṣaṇam ||iti |

paramaścāsāvarthaśceti paramārthaḥ | tadeva satyaṃ paramārthasatyam | anayośca satyayorvibhāgo vistareṇa madhyamakāvatārādavaseyaḥ | tadetatsatyadvayamāśritya buddhānāṃ bhagavatāṃ dharmadeśanā pravartate | evaṃ vyavasthite deśanākrame -

ye'nayorna vijānanti vibhāgaṃ satyayordvayoḥ |
te tattvaṃ na vijānanti gambhīraṃ buddhaśāsane ||9||

atrāha - yadi tarhi paramārtho niṣprapañcasvabhāvaḥ sa evāstu, tatkimanayā aparayā skandhadhātvāyatanāryasatyapratītyasamutpādādideśanayā prayojanamaparamārthayā? atatvaṃ hi parityājyam | yacca parityājyaṃ kiṃ tenopadiṣṭena? ucyate | satyametadevam | kiṃ tu laukikaṃ vyavahāramanabhyupagamya abhidhānābhidheyajñānajñeyādilakṣaṇam, aśakya eva paramārtho deśayitum, adeśitaśca na śakyo'dhigantum, anadhigamya ca paramārthaṃ na śakyaṃ nirvāṇamadhigantumiti pratipādayannāha -

vyavahāramanāśritya paramārtho na deśyate |
paramārthamanāgamya nirvāṇaṃ nādhigamyate ||10||

tasmānnirvāṇādhigamopāyatvādavaśyameva yathāvasthitā saṃvṛtirādāvevābhyupeyā bhājanamiva salilārthineti ||10||

tadevaṃ yaḥ saṃvṛtiparamārthalakṣaṇasatyadvayasya vyavasthāmapākṛtya śūnyatāṃ varṇayati, taṃ tathāvidhaṃ pudgalam -

vināśayati durdṛṣṭā śūnyatā mandamedhasam |
sarpo yathā durgṛhīto vidyā vā duṣprasādhitā ||19||

saṃvṛtisatyaṃ hi ajñānamātrasamutthāpitaṃ niḥsvabhāvaṃ buddhā tasya paramārthalakṣaṇāṃ śūnyatāṃ pratipadyamāno yogī nāntadvaye patati | kiṃ tadāsīdyadidānīṃ nāstītyevaṃ pūrvaṃ bhāvasvabhāvānupalambhāt paścādapi nāstitāṃ na pratipadyate | pratibimbākārāyāśca lokasaṃvṛterabādhanāt karmakarmaphaladharmā dharmādikamapi na bādhate | na cāpi paramārthaṃ bhāvasvabhāvatvena samāropayati | niḥsvabhāvānāmeva padārthānāṃ karmaphalādidarśanāt sasvabhāvanāṃ cādarśanāt ||

yastu evaṃ satyadvayavibhāgamapaśyan śūnyatāṃ saṃskārāṇāṃ paśyati, sa śūnyatāṃ paśyan mumukṣurnāstitāṃ vā saṃskārāṇāṃ parikalpayed, yadi vā śūnyatāṃ kāṃcidbhāvataḥ satīm, tasyāścāśrayārthaṃ bhāvasvabhāvamapi parikalpayet | ubhayathā cāsya durdṛṣṭā śūnyatā niyataṃ vināśayet | kathaṃ kṛtvā ? yadi tāvatsarvamidaṃ śūnyaṃ sarvaṃ nāstīti parikalpayet, tadāsya mithyādṛṣṭirāpadyate | yathoktam -

vināśayati durdṛṣṭo dharmo'yamavipaścitam |
nāstitādṛṣṭisamale yasmādasminnimajjati ||

atha sarvāpavādaṃ kartuṃ necchati, tadā niyatamasya śūnyatāyāḥ pratikṣepa āpadyate - kathaṃ hi nāma amī bhāvāḥ sakalasurāsuranaralokairupalabhyamānā api śūnyā bhaviṣyanti? tasmānna niḥsvabhāvārthaḥ śūnyatārthaḥ, ityevaṃ pratikṣipya saddharmavyasanasaṃvartanīyena pāpakena karmaṇā niyatamapāyānvayāt | yathoktamāryaratnāvalyām -

aparo'pyasya durjñānānmūrkhaḥ paṇḍitamānikaḥ |
pratikṣepavinaṣṭātmā yātyavīcimadhomukhaḥ || iti |

evaṃ tāvadabhāvena gṛhyamāṇā śūnyatā grahītāraṃ vināśayati | athāyaṃ bhāvena śūnyatāṃ parikalpayet, tadāśrayāṇāṃ ca saṃskārāṇāmastitvam, evamapi nirvāṇagāmini mārge vipratipannatvācchūnyatopadeśavihvalo jāyeta | tadevaṃ bhāvarūpeṇāpi śūnyatā gṛhyamāṇā grahītāraṃ vināśayati ||

nanu ca yadupakārakaṃ tadanyathā [kriyamāṇamakāloptamiva bījaṃ na phalāya kalpate, kāloptaṃ ca mahate phalalābhāya jāyate, evameva maṇimantrauṣadhādibhi ] rgṛhyamāṇaḥ [sarpaḥ] mahāntaṃ dhanaskandhamāvahati śiromaṇigrahaṇāt, tena ca vyālagrāhakāṇāṃ jīvikākalpanāt | yathoddeśatiraskāreṇa tu gṛhyamāṇo grahītārameva vināśayati | yathā ca yathopadeśaṃ prasādhitā vidyā sādhakamanugṛhṇāti, upadeśaparibhraṣṭā tu sādhyamānā sādhakameva vināśayati, evamihāpi yathopadeśaṃ śūnyatā mahatī vidyā sādhyamānā gṛhyamāṇā bhāvābhāvādigrāhatiraskāreṇa madhyamayā pratipadā grahītāraṃ parameṇa jātijarāmaraṇādiduḥkhahutāśanaśamanaikarasena nirupadhiśeṣanirvāṇajaladharadhārāvarṣamukhena yojayati | yathopadeśaviśeṣavigamena tu gṛhyamāṇā niyataṃ yathoditena nyāyena grahītārameva vināśayati ||

yataścaivaṃ śūnyatā durgṛhītā grahītāraṃ vināśayati, mandaprajñaiśca aśakyā samyaggrahītum -
ataśca pratyudāvṛttaṃ cittaṃ deśayituṃ muneḥ |
dharmaṃ matvāsya dharmasya mandairduravagāhatām ||12||

yasmādayaṃ śūnyatālakṣaṇo dharmo mandamedhasamalpaprajñaṃ sattvaṃ viparyāsagrahaṇādvināśayati, ata eva asya dharmasya mandairduravagāhatāṃ matvā anuttarāṃ samyaksaṃbodhimabhisaṃbudhya sarvasattvadhātuṃ cāvalokya dharmasya cātigāmbhīryam, saddharmaṃ deśayituṃ cittaṃ pratinivṛttaṃ munerbuddhasya bhagavato mahopāyajñānaviśeṣaśālinaḥ | yathoktaṃ sūtre -

atha bhagavato'cirābhisaṃbuddhasyaitadabhavat - adhigato mayā dharmo gambhīro gambhīrāvabhāso'tarko'tarkāvacaraḥ sūkṣmaḥ paṇḍitavijñavedanīyaḥ | sacettamahaṃ pareṣāmārocayeyam, pare ca me na vibhāvayeyuḥ, sa mama vighātaḥ syāt, klamathaḥ syāt, cetaso'nudayaḥ syāt | yannvahamekākyaraṇye pravivikte dṛṣṭadharmasukhavihāramanuprāpto vihareyam | iti vistaraḥ ||12||

tadevaṃ satyadvayāviparītavyavasthāmavijñāya -

śūnyatāyāmadhilayaṃ yaṃ punaḥ kurute bhavān |
doṣaprasaṅgo nāsmākaṃ sa śūnye nopapadyate ||13||

yo'yaṃ bhavatā mahān doṣaprasaṅgo'smāsu prakṣiptaḥ -
yadi śūnyamidaṃ sarvamudayo nāsti na vyayaḥ |

ityādinā, sa yasmāt satyadvayavyavasthānabhijñena satā śūnyatāṃ śūnyatārthaṃ śūnyatāprayojanaṃ ca yathāvadabuddhā upakṣiptaḥ, so'smākaṃ śūnye śūnyatāvāde nopapadyate | yataśca nopapadyate, ato yaṃ bhavān doṣaprasaṅgaṃ śūnyatāyāmudbhāvayan śūnyatāyāmadhilayamadhikṣepaṃ nirākaraṇaṃ pratikṣepaṃ karoti, so'dhilayo'smākaṃ nopapadyate | abhāvārthaṃ hi śūnyatārthamadhyāropya prasaṅga udbhāvito bhavatā | na ca vayamabhāvārthaṃ śūnyatārthaṃ vyācakṣmahe, kiṃ tarhi pratītyasamutpādārtham | ityato na yuktametat śūnyatādarśanadūṣaṇam ||13||

na ca kevalaṃ yathoktadoṣaprasaṅgo'smatpakṣe nāvatarati, api khalu sarvameva satyādi vyavasthānaṃ sutarāmupapadyate iti pratipādayannāha -

sarvaṃ ca yujyate tasya śūnyatā yasya yujyate |
sarvaṃna yujyate tasya śūnyaṃ yasya na yujyate ||14||

yasya hi sarvabhāvasvabhāvaśūnyateyaṃ yujyate, tasya sarvametad yathopavarṇitaṃ yujyate | kathaṃ kṛtvā? yasmāt pratītyasamutpādaṃ hi vayaṃ śūnyateti vyācakṣmahe -

yaḥ pratyayairjāyati sa hyajāto
na tasya utpādu svabhāvato'sti |
yaḥ pratyayādhīnu sa śūnya ukto
yaḥ śūnyatāṃ jānati so'pramattaḥ ||

iti gāthāvacanāt | "śūnyāḥ sarvadharmā niḥsvabhāvayogena" iti prajñāpāramitābhidhānāt ||

tasmādyasyeyaṃ śūnyatā yujyate rocate kṣamate, tasya pratītyasamutpādo yujyate | yasya pratītyasamutpādo yujyate, tasya catvāryāryasatyāni yujyante | kathaṃ kṛtvā? yasmāt pratītyasamutpannaṃ hi duḥkhaṃ bhavati nāpratītyasamutpannam | tacca niḥsvabhāvatvācchūnyam | sati ca duḥkhe duḥkha samudayo duḥkhanirodho duḥkhanirodhagāminī ca pratipad yujyate | tataśca duḥkhaparijñānaṃ samudayaprahāṇaṃ nirodhasākṣātkaraṇaṃ mārgabhāvanā ca yujyate | sati ca duḥkhādisatyaparijñānādike phalāni yujyante | satsu ca phaleṣu phalasthā yujyante | satsu ca phalastheṣu pratipannakā yujyante | satsu ca pratipannakaphalastheṣu saṃgho yujyate | āryasatyānāṃ ca sadbhāve sati saddharmo'pi yujyate | sati ca saddharme saṃghe ca buddho'pi yujyate | tataśca trīṇyapi ratnāni yujyante | laukikalokottarāśca padārthāḥ sarve viśeṣādhigamā yujyante | dharmādharmaṃ tatphalaṃ sugatidurgatiḥ laukikāśca sarvasaṃvyavahārā yujyante | tadevam -

sarvaṃ ca yujyate tasya śūnyatā yasya yujyate |

yasya sarvabhāvasvabhāvaśūnyatā yujyate, tasya sarvametad yathoditaṃ yujyate, saṃpadyate ityarthaḥ | yasya tu śūnyatā yathoditā na yujyate, tasya pratītyasamutpādābhāvāt sarvaṃ na yujyate | yathā ca na yujyate, tathā vistareṇa pratipādayiṣyati ||14||

tadevamāsmākīne supariśuddhatare sarvavyavasthāsu aviruddhe vyavasthite, atisthūle atyāsanne tadviruddhe ca svakīye pakṣe doṣavati atimogho yathāvadavasthitau guṇadoṣāvapaśyan -

sa tvaṃ doṣānātmanīnānasmāsu paripātayan |
aśvamevābhiruḍhaḥ sannaśvamevāsi vismṛtaḥ ||15||

yathā hi kaścid yamevāśvamārūḍhaḥ, tameva vismṛtaḥ san, tadapahāradoṣeṇa parānupālabhate, evameva bhavān pratītyasamutpādalakṣaṇaśūnyatādarśanāśvamārūḍha eva atyantavikṣepāttamanupalambhamāno'smān parivadati ||15||

ke punaste parasya doṣāḥ, yānanupalabhamānaḥ śūnyatāvādinameva upālabhate iti, tān pratipādayannāha -

svabhāvādyadi bhāvānāṃ sadbhāvamanupaśyasi |
ahetupratyayān bhāvāṃstvamevaṃ sati paśyasi ||16||

yadi tvaṃ svabhāvena vidyamānān bhāvān paśyasi, tadā svabhāvasya hetupratyayanirapekṣatvāt ahetupratyayān avidyamānahetupratyayān padārthān bāhyādhyātmikabhedabhinnān nirhetukān tvamevaṃ sati paśyasi ||16||

sati ca ahetukatvābhyupagame -

kāryaṃ ca kāraṇaṃ caiva kartāraṃ karaṇaṃ kriyām |
utpādaṃ ca nirodhaṃ ca phalaṃ ca pratibādhase ||17||

kathaṃ kṛtvā? yadīha ghaṭaḥ svabhāvato'stīti parikalpayasi, tadā asya svabhāvato vidyamānasya kiṃ mṛdādibhirhetupratyayaiḥ prayojanamiti teṣāmabhāvaḥ syāt | nirhetukaṃ ca kāryaṃ ghaṭākhyaṃ nopapadyate | asati cāsmiṃścakrādikasya karaṇasya, kartuḥ kumbhakārasya ghaṭakaraṇakriyāyāścābhāvā dutpādanirodhayorabhāvaḥ | asatoścotpādanirodhayoḥ kutaḥ phalam? iti sasvabhāvābhyupagame sati sarva metat kāryādikaṃ pratibādhase | tadevaṃ bhavataḥ sasvabhāvābhyupagame sati sarvameva na yujyate ||17||

asmākaṃ tu bhāvasvabhāvaśūnyatāvādināṃ sarvametadupapadyate | kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmādvayam -

yaḥ pratītyasamutpādaḥ śūnyatāṃ tāṃ pracakṣmahe |
sā prajñaptirupādāya pratipatsaiva madhyamā ||18||

yo'yaṃ pratītyasamutpādo hetupratyayānapekṣya aṅkuravijñānādīnāṃ prādurbhāvaḥ, sa svabhāve nānutpādaḥ | yaśca svabhāvenānutpādo bhāvānāṃ sā śūnyatā | yathā bhagavatoktam -

yaḥ pratyatyairjāyati sa hyajāto
na tasya utpādu svabhāvato'sti |
yaḥ pratyayādhīnu sa śūnya ukto
yaḥ śūnyatāṃ jānati so'pramattaḥ || iti |

tathā āryalaṅkāvatāre - " svabhāvānutpattiṃ saṃdhāya mahāmate sarvadharmāḥ śūnyā iti mayā deśitāḥ" || iti vistareṇoktam ||

dvayardhaśatikāyām - "śūnyāḥ sarvadharmā niḥsvabhāvayogena" || iti ||

yā ceyaṃ svabhāvaśūnyatā sā prajñaptirupādāya, saiva śūnyatā upādāya prajñaptiriti vyavasthāpyate | cakrādīnyupādāya rathāṅgāni rathaḥ prajñapyate | tasya yā svāṅgānyupādāya prajñaptiḥ, sā svabhāvenānutpattiḥ, yā ca svabhāvenānutpattiḥ, sā śūnyatā | saiva svabhāvānutpattilakṣaṇā śūnyatā madhyamā pratipaditi vyavasthāpyate | yasya hi svabhāvenānutpattiḥ, tasya astitvābhāvaḥ, svabhāvena cānutpannasya vigamābhāvānnāstitvābhāva iti | ato bhāvābhāvāntadvayarahitatvāt sarvasvabhāvānutpatti lakṣaṇā śūnyatā madhyamā pratipat, madhyamo mārga ityucyate | tadevaṃ pratītyasamutpādasyaivaitā viśeṣa saṃjñāḥ - śūnyatā, upādāya prajñaptiḥ, madhyamā pratipad iti ||18||

vicāryamāṇaśca sarvathā -

apratītya samutpanno dharmaḥ kaścinna vidyate |
yasmāttasmādaśūnyo hi dharmaḥ kaścinna vidyate ||19||

yo hi apratītyasamutpanno dharmaḥ, sa na saṃvidyate | yathoktaṃ śatake -

apratītyāstitā nāsti kadācitkasyacitkkacit |
na kadācitkkacitkaścidvidyate tena śāśvataḥ ||
ākāśādīni kalpyante nityānīti pṛthagjanaiḥ |
laukikenāpi teṣvarthānna paśyanti vicakṣaṇāḥ ||iti |

uktaṃ ca bhagavatā -

pratītya dharmānadhigacchate vidū
na cāntadṛṣṭīya karoti niśrayam |
sahetu sapratyaya dharma jānati
ahetu apratyaya nāsti dharmatā ||

evam -
apratītya samutpanno dharmaḥ kaścinna vidyate |
apratīsamutpannaśca śūnyaḥ | tasmādaśūnyo dharmo nāsti | yata etadevam, ato'smākaṃ sarvadharmāścaśūnyāḥ, na ca paroktadoṣaprasaṅgaḥ ||19||

bhavatastu sasvabhāvavādinaḥ -
yadyaśūnyamidaṃ sarvamudayo nāsti na vyayaḥ |

tadā niyatamudayavyayayorabhāve sati -

caturṇāmāryasatyānāmabhāvaste prasajyate ||20||

kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmāt -

apratītya samutpannaṃ kuto duḥkhaṃ bhaviṣyati |
anityamuktaṃ duḥkhaṃ hi tatsvābhāvye na vidyate ||21||

yaddhi sasvabhāvam, na tatpratītyotpadyate | yacca apratītya samutpannam , na tadanityaṃ bhavati | na hi gaganakusumamavidyamānamanityam | anityaṃ ca duḥkhamuktaṃ bhavagatā - yadanityaṃ tadduḥkhamiti | tathā ca śatakaśāstre -

anityasya dhruvā pīḍā pīḍā yasya na tatsukham |
tasmādanityaṃ yatsarvaṃ duḥkhaṃ taditi jāyate ||iti |

yacca anityaṃ svābhāvye sasvabhāvatve'bhyupagamyamāne bhāvānām, tanna vidyata iti ||21||

evaṃ tāvat sasvabhāvatve sati bhāvānāṃ duḥkhaṃ na yujyate | na ca kevalaṃ duḥkhameva na yujyate, sati sasvabhāvābhyupagame samudayo'pi na yujyate iti pratipādayannāha -
svabhāvato vidyamānaṃ kiṃ punaḥ samudeṣyate |
tasmātsamudayo nāsti śūnyatāṃ pratibādhataḥ ||22|

iha samudetyasmādduḥkhamiti duḥkhasya hetu [taḥ] samudaya ityucyate | tadasya duḥkhasya śūnyatāṃ pratibādhamānasya sasvabhāvaṃ duḥkhamabhyupagacchataḥ tasya punarutpādavaiyarthyāt taddhetukalpanā vaiyarthyameva, ityevaṃ śūnyatāṃ pratibādhamānasya samudayo'pi bhavato na yujyate ||22||

svābhāvikameva duḥkhamabhyupagacchato duḥkhanirodho'pi na yujyate iti pratipādayannāha -

na nirodhaḥ svabhāvena sato duḥkhasya vidyate |
svabhāvaparyavasthānānnirodhaṃ pratibādhase ||23||

yadi hi svabhāvato duḥkhaṃ syāt, tadā svabhāvasyānapāyitvāt kuto'sya nirodhatvamiti? evaṃ svabhāvaparyavasthānāt svabhāvaṃ gṛhītvā pratyavatiṣṭhamāno duḥkhanirodhamapi pratibādhase ||23||

idānīmāryamārgo'pi sasvabhāvavādino yathā nopapadyate tathā pratipādayannāha -

svābhāvye sati mārgasya bhāvanā nopapadyate |
athāsau bhāvyate mārgaḥ svābhāvyaṃ te na vidyate ||24||

yadi hi sasvabhāvā bhāvā bhaveyuḥ, tadā mārgo'pi sasvabhāva eveti kṛtvā abhāvita evāsāvasti | tasya kiṃ punarbhāvanayeti? evam -

svābhāvye sati mārgasya bhāvanā nopapadyate |

atha asya mārgasya bhāvanā abhyupagamyate bhavatā, evaṃ tarhi svabhāvatā āryamārgasya na syāt, kāryatvādityabhiprāyaḥ ||24||

api ca - duḥkhasya nirodhaprāptyarthaṃ samudayasya ca prahāṇārthaṃ bhāvanā mārgasyeṣyate | pūrvoktena tu nyāyena sasvabhāvavādino bhavataḥ -

yadā duḥkhaṃ samudayo nirodhaśca na vidyate |
mārgo duḥkhanirodhatvāt katamaḥ prāpayiṣyati ||25||

nāstyeva asau duḥkhanirodhaḥ, yannirodhānmārgo bhāvitaḥ san prāpayiṣyati | tasmādāryamārgo'pyevaṃ nopapadyata iti | evaṃ sasvabhāvavādinaḥ caturṇāmāryasatyānāmabhāvaḥ prāpnoti ||25||
idānīṃ duḥkhādiparijñānādikamapi yathā parasya na saṃbhavati, tathā pratipādayannāha -

svabhāvenāparijñānaṃ yadi tasya punaḥ katham |
parijñānaṃ nanu kila svabhāvaḥ samavasthitaḥ ||26||

yadi pūrvaṃ duḥkhamaparijñātasvabhāvaṃ tat paścāt parijñāyata iti kalpyate, tadayuktam | kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmānnanu kila svabhāvaḥ samavasthitaḥ | yo hi svabhāvaḥ, sa kila loke samavasthitaḥ, naivānyathātvamāpadyate, vahnerauṣṇyavat | yadā ca svabhāvasyānyathātvaṃ nāsti, tadā pūrvamaparijñāta svabhāvasya duḥkhasya paścādapi parijñānaṃ nopapadyata iti | ato duḥkhaparijñānamapi na saṃbhavati ||26||

yadā caitadduḥkhaparijñānamapi na saṃbhavati, tadā -

prahāṇasākṣātkaraṇe bhāvanā caivameva te |
parijñāvanna yujyante catvāryapi phalāni ca ||27||

yadetat samudayasya prahāṇaṃ nirodhasya ca sākṣātkaraṇam, te ete dve prahāṇasākṣātkaraṇe yā ca mārgasya bhāvanā, eṣāpi | evameva te duḥkhaparijñānāsaṃbhavānna yujyante | samudayasya svabhāvenāprahīṇasya svabhāvasyānapāyitvāt paścādapi prahāṇaṃ nopapadyate | evaṃ bhāvanāsākṣātkaraṇe'pi yojyam | na ca kevalaṃ parijñānādikameva na saṃbhavati sasvabhāvavāde, api ca -

parijñāvanna yujyante catvāryapi phalāni ca |

yathā svabhāvenāparijñātasya duḥkhasya parijñānaṃ na yuktam, evaṃ svabhāvenāvidyamānasya pūrvaṃ srotaāpattiphalasya paścādastitvaṃ na saṃbhavati | yathā srotaāpattiphalasya, evaṃ sakṛdāgāmyanā gāmyarhatphalānāmabhāvo veditavyaḥ||27||

na ca kevalametāni phalāni parijñāvanna yujyante, kiṃ tarhi adhigamo'pyeṣāṃ na yujyata iti pratipādayannāha -

svabhāvenānadhigataṃ yatphalaṃ tatpunaḥ katham |
śakyaṃ samadhigantuṃ syātsvabhāvaṃ parigṛhṇataḥ ||28||

svabhāvasyāvijahanaprakṛtikatvādbhāvasvabhāvavādamabhyupagacchataḥ pūrvamanadhigatasvabhāvānāṃ paścādapyadhigamo nopapadyate ||28||

tataśca -
phalābhāve phalasthā no na santi pratipannakāḥ |
saṃgho nāsti na cetsanti te'ṣṭau puruṣapudgalāḥ ||29||

abhāvāccāryasatyānāṃ saddharmo'pi na vidyate |
dharme cāsati saṃghe ca kathaṃ buddho bhaviṣyati ||30||

anayośca ślokayoḥ pūrvavadevārtho veditavyaḥ ||29-30||

api ca - sasvabhāvābhyupagame sati -

apratītyāpi bodhiṃ ca tava buddhaḥ prasajyate |
apratītyāpi buddhaṃ ca tava bodhiḥ prasajyate ||31||

yadi hi svabhāvato buddho nāma kaścid bhāvaḥ syāt, sa bodhiṃ sarvajñajñānamapratītyāpi anapekṣyāpi syāt |
akṛtrimaḥ svabhāvo hi nirapekṣaḥ paratra ca |

iti vacanāt | tathā vināpi buddhena bodhiḥ syāt, anapekṣyāpi buddhaṃ nirāśrayā bodhiḥ syāt ||31||

kiṃ cānyat -
yaścābuddhaḥ svabhāvena sa bodhāya ghaṭannapi |
na bodhisattvacaryāyāṃ bodhiṃ te'dhigamiṣyati ||32||

iha hi buddhatvātpūrvamabuddhasvabhāvasya sataḥ pudgalasya satyāmapi bodhisattvacaryāyāṃ bodhyarthaṃ ghaṭamānasyāpi naiva bodhiḥ syāt, abuddhasvabhāvasya vyāvartayitumaśakyatvāt ||32||

kiṃ cānyat -
na ca dharmamadharmaṃ vā kaścijjātu kariṣyati |
kimaśūnyasya kartavyaṃ svabhāvaḥ kriyate na hi ||33||

sati hi svabhāvavādābhyupagame dharmādharmayoḥ karaṇaṃ nopapadyate | kiṃ hi aśūnyasya kartavyam? na hi svabhāvasyāśūnyasya kāraṇamupapadyate vidyamānatvāt ||33||

kiṃ cānyat -
vinā dharmamadharmaṃ ca phalaṃ hi tava vidyate |
dharmādharmanimittaṃ ca phalaṃ tava na vidyate ||34||

yadetaddharmādharmanimittakamiṣṭāniṣṭaphalam, yadi tat svabhāvato'sti, tad vināpi dharmādharmābhyāṃ syāt | yadā ca vinā dharmādharmaṃ phalaṃ tavāsti, tadā dharmādharmajaṃ phalaṃ tava na saṃbhavati | dharmādharmopārjanavaiyarthyaṃ syāt,

dharmādharmanimittaṃ ca phalaṃ tava na vidyate | iti |
atha dharmādharmanimittakaṃ phalaṃ bhavatīti parikalpyate, na tarhi tatphalamaśūnyamiti pratipādayannāha -

dharmādharmanimittaṃ vā yadi te vidyate phalam |
dharmādharmasamutpannamaśūnyaṃ te kathaṃ phalam ||35||

śūnyamevaitat, pratītyasamutpannatvāt, pratibimbavat, ityabhiprāyaḥ ||35||

api ca | sarva eva hyete ' gaccha, kuru, paca, paṭha, tiṣṭha' ityevamādayo laukikā vyavahārāḥ pratītyasamutpannāḥ | tān yadi sasvabhāvānicchati bhavān, tadā bhavatā pratītyasamutpādo bādhito bhavati |tadbādhanācca sarva eva laukikā vyavahārā bādhitā bhavantīti pratipādayannāha -

sarvasaṃvyavahārāṃśca laukikān pratibādhase |
yatpratītyasamutpādaśūnyatāṃ pratibādhase ||36||

yacchabdaḥ kriyāviśeṣaṇam | yadbādhase ityanena saṃbadhyate ||36||

kiṃ cānyat -
na kartavyaṃ bhavetkiṃcidanārabdhā bhavetkriyā |
kārakaḥ syādakurvāṇaḥ śūnyatāṃ pratibādhataḥ ||37||

yadi hi svarūpaśūnyāḥ padārthā na bhaveyuḥ, sasvabhāvā eva bhaveyuḥ, tadā svabhāvasya vidyamānatvānna kenacit kasyacit kiṃcit kartavyaṃ syāt | na hi nabhaso'nāvaraṇatvaṃ kenacit kriyate | akriyamāṇā ca kriyā syāt | kriyāṃ cākurvāṇasya kārakatvaṃ syāt | na caitadevamiti | tasmānnāśūnyāḥ padārthāḥ ||37||

kiṃ cānyat -

ajātamaniruddhaṃ ca kūṭasthaṃ ca bhaviṣyati |
vicitrābhiravasthābhiḥ svabhāve rahitaṃ jagat ||38||

[ vicitrābhiravasthāmiḥ svabhāvaracitaṃ svabhāvenaiva racitamapratītyasamutpannaṃ jagat svabhāva śūnyavādinām | ] svabhāvenaiva yadi bhāvāḥ [sasvabhāvāḥ] syuḥ, tadā svabhāvasyākṛtrimatvādavyā vartanatvācca sarvamidaṃ jagadajātamaniruddhaṃ ca syāt | ajātāniruddhatvājjagat kūṭasthaṃ syāt | hetupratyayānapekṣaṃ vicitrābhiravasthābhī rahitamapratītyasamutpannaṃ jagadaśūnyavādināṃ syāt | yathoktaṃ pitāputrasamāgame -

syādyadi kiṃcidaśūnyaṃ na vadejjinu tasya vyākaraṇam |
tathāhi sthitaṃ tat svake svake bhāve |
kūṭasthamavikāraṃ na tasya vṛddhirna parihāṇiḥ || iti ||
tathā āryahastikakṣyasūtre -

yadi koci dharmāṇa bhavetsvabhāvaḥ
tatraiva gaccheya jinaḥ saśrāvakaḥ |
kūṭasthadharmāṇa siyā na nirvṛtī
na niṣprapañco bhavi jātu paṇḍitaḥ ||iti ||38||

na ca kevalaṃ sasvabhāvavādābhyupagame laukikā eva vyavahārā nopapadyante, api ca lokottarā eva [api?] nopapadyante iti pratipādayannāha -

asaṃprāptasya ca prāptirduḥkhaparyantakarma ca |
sarvakleśaprahāṇaṃ ca yadyaśūnyaṃ na vidyate ||39||

yadi hi aśūnyaṃ sasvabhāvaṃ sarvametat syāt, tadā yadasaṃprāptaṃ tadasaṃprāptameva, iti asaṃprāptasya ca phalasya prāptirna syāt | tadā duḥkhaparyantakāraṇaṃ ca pūrvaṃ nābhūditi sāṃpratamapi na syāt | sarveṣāṃ ca kleśānāṃ pūrvaṃ prahāṇaṃ nābhūditi paścādapi prahāṇaṃ na syāt ||39||

tadevaṃ yasmāt sasvabhāvavādābhyupagame sati sarvametanna yujyate, ataḥ -

yaḥ pratītyasamutpādaṃ paśyatīdaṃ sa paśyati |
duḥkhaṃ samudayaṃ caiva nirodhaṃ mārgameva ca ||40||

yo hi sarvadharmapratītyasamutpādalakṣaṇāṃ svabhāvaśūnyatāṃ samyak paśyati, sa catvāri āryasatyāni paśyati yathābhūtāni tattvataḥ |
yathoktamāryamañjuśrīparipṛcchāyām -

yena mañjuśrīranutpādaḥ sarvadharmāṇāṃ dṛṣṭaḥ, tena duḥkhaṃ parijñātam | yena nāstitā sarvadharmāṇāṃ dṛṣṭā, tasya samudayaḥ prahīṇaḥ | yena atyantaparinirvṛtāḥ sarvadharmā dṛṣṭāḥ, tena nirodhaḥ sākṣātkṛtaḥ | yena mañjuśrīrabhāvaḥ sarvadharmāṇāṃ dṛṣṭaḥ, tena mārgo bhāvitaḥ || iti vistaraḥ ||

uktaṃ ca āryadhyāyitamuṣṭisūtre -

atha khalu bhagavān mañjuśriyaṃ kumārabhūtametadavocat - caturṇā mañjuśrīrāryasatyānāṃ yathābhūtādarśanāccaturbhirviparyāsairviparyastacittāḥ sattvā evabhimamabhūtaṃ saṃsāraṃ nātikrāmanti | evamukte mañjuśrīḥ kumārabhūto bhagavantametadavocat - deśayatu bhagavān kasyopalambhataḥ sattvāḥ saṃsāraṃ nātikrāmanti? bhagavānāha - ātmātmīyopalambhato mañjuśrīḥ sattvāḥ saṃsāraṃ nātikrāmanti | tat kasya hetoḥ? yo hi mañjuśrīrātmānaṃ paraṃ ca samanupaśyati, tasya karmābhisaṃskārā bhavanti | bālo mañjuśrīraśrutavān pṛthagjano'tyantaparinirvṛtān sarvadharmānaprajānānaḥ ātmānaṃ paraṃ ca upalabhate, upalabhya abhiniviśate, abhiniviṣṭaḥ san rajyate duṣyate muhyate | sa rakto duṣṭo mūḍhaḥ san trividhaṃ karma abhisaṃskaroti kāyena vācā manasā | saḥ asatsamāropeṇa vikalpayati - ahaṃ raktaḥ, ahaṃ duṣṭaḥ , ahaṃ mūḍhaḥ iti | tasya tathāgataśāsane pravrajitasya evaṃ bhavati - ahaṃ śīlavān, ahaṃ brahmacārī, saṃsāraṃ samatikrāmiṣyāmi, ahaṃ nirvāṇamanuprāpsyāmi, ahaṃ duḥkhebhyo mokṣyāmi | sa kalpayati - ime dharmāḥ kuśalāḥ, ime dharmā akuśalā iti , ime dharmāḥ prahātavyāḥ, ime dharmāḥ sākṣātkartavyāḥ, duḥkhaṃ parijñātavyam, samudayaḥ prahātavyaḥ , nirodhaḥ sākṣātkartavyaḥ, mārgo bhāvayitavyaḥ | sa kalpayati anityāḥ sarvasaṃskārāḥ, ādīptāḥ sarvasaṃskārāḥ | yannvahaṃ sarvasaṃskārebhyaḥ palāyeyam | tasyaiva mavekṣamāṇasya utpadyate nirvitsahagato manasikāraḥ animittapurogataḥ | tasyaivaṃ bhavati - eṣā sā duḥkhaparijñā, yeyameṣāṃ dharmāṇāṃ parijñā | tasyaivaṃ bhavati - yannvahaṃ samudayaṃ prajaheyam | sa sarvadharmebhya artīyate jehrīyate vitarati vijugupsate uttrasyati saṃtrasyati saṃtrāsamāpadyate | tasyaivaṃ bhavati - iyameṣāṃ dharmāṇāṃ sākṣātkriyā, idaṃ samudayaprahāṇam, yadidamebhyo dharmebhyo'rtīyanā | tasyaivaṃ bhavati - nirodhaḥ sākṣātkartavyaḥ | samudayaṃ kalpayitvā nirodhaṃ saṃjānāti | tasyaivaṃ bhavati - eṣā sā nirodhasākṣātkriyā | tasyaivaṃ bhavati - yannūnamahaṃ mārgaṃ bhāvayeyam | sa eko rahogatastān dharmān manasi kurvan śamathaṃ pratilabhate | tasya tena nirvitsahagatena manasikāreṇa śamatha utpadyate | tasya sarvadharmeṣu cittaṃ na pralīyate prativahati pratyudāvartate | tebhyaścārtīyate jehrīyate, anabhinandanācittaṃ samutpadyate | tasyaivaṃ bhavati - mukto'smi sarvaduḥkhebhyaḥ, na mama bhūyaḥ uttariṃ kiṃcitkaraṇīyam, arhannasmītyātmānaṃ saṃjānāti | sa maraṇakālasamaye utpattimātmano deveṣu paśyati | tasya kāṅkṣā vicikitsā ca bhavati buddhabodhau | sa vicikitsāmāpatitaḥ kālagato mahānirayeṣu prapatati | tatkasya hetoḥ? yathāpīdamanutpannān sarvadharmān vikalpayitvā tathāgate vicikitsāṃ vimatimutpādayati ||

atha khalu mañjuśrīḥ kumārabhūto bhagavantametadavocat - kathaṃ punarbhagavan catvāri ārya satyāni draṣṭavyāni? bhagavānāha - yena mañjuśrīranutpannāḥ sarvadharmā dṛṣṭāḥ, tena duḥkhaṃ parijñātam | yena asamutthitāḥ sarvadharmā dṛṣṭāḥ, tasya samudayaḥ prahīṇaḥ | yena atyantaparinirvṛtāḥ sarvadharmā dṛṣṭāḥ, tena nirodhaḥ sākṣātkṛtaḥ | yena atyantaśūnyāḥ sarvadharmā dṛṣṭāḥ, tena mārgo bhāvitaḥ | yena mañjuśrīrevaṃ catvāri āryasatyāni dṛṣṭāni, sa na kalpayati - ime dharmāḥ kuśalāḥ, ime dharmā akuśalāḥ, ime dharmāḥ prahātavyāḥ, ime dharmāḥ sākṣātkartavyāḥ, duḥkhaṃ parijñātavyam, samudayaḥ prahātavyaḥ, nirodhaḥ sākṣātkartavyaḥ, mārgo bhāvayitavyaḥ iti | tat kasya hetoḥ? tathāhi sa taṃ dharmaṃ na samanupaśyati nopalabhate yaṃ parikalpayet | bālapṛthagjanāstvetān dharmān kalpayanto rajyanti ca dviṣyanti ca muhyanti ca | sa na kaṃciddharmamāvyūhati nirvyūhati | tasyaivamanāvyūhato'nirvyūhatastraidhātuke cittaṃ na sajjati | ajātaṃ sarvatraidhātukaṃ samanupaśyati māyopamaṃ svapnopamaṃ pratiśrutkopamam || evaṃsvabhāvān sarvadharmān paśyan anunayapratidhāpagato bhavati sarvasattveṣu | tat kasya hetoḥ? tathāhi sa tān dharmān nopalabhate yatrānunīyeta vā pratihanyeta vā | sa ākāśasamena cittena buddhamapi na samanupaśyati, dharmamapi na samanupaśyati, saṃdhamapi na samanupaśyati | sarvadharmān śūnyāniti samanupaśyan na kkaciddharme vicikitsāmutpādayati | avicikitsan nirupādāno bhavati | nirupādāno'nupādāya parinirvātīti vistaraḥ ||40||

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau
āryasatyaparīkṣā nāma caturviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam ||