Digital Sanskrit Buddhist Canon

Trayoviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam

Technical Details
viparyāsaparīkṣā trayoviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam |

atrāha - vidyata eva bhavasaṃtatiḥ, tatkāraṇasadbhāvāt | iha hi kleśebhyaḥ karma pravartate |
karmakleśahetukā janmamaraṇaparaṃparā upajāyate | sā ca bhavasaṃtatirvyapadiśyate | tasyāśca pradhānaṃ kāraṇaṃ kleśāḥ, prahīṇakleśānāṃ bhavasaṃtaterabhāvāt | te ca rāgādayaḥ kleśāḥ santi | tasmāt kāryabhūtāpi janmamaraṇaparaṃparā avicchedaprabandhena bhavasaṃtatirapi bhaviṣyatīti | ucyate | syād bhavasaṃtatiḥ, yadi taddhetubhūtāḥ kleśāḥ syuḥ | na tu santi | kathaṃ kṛtvā? iha bhagavadbhirbuddhaiḥ sakalatribhuvanajanasaṃkleśaśatruvidhvaṃsibhiścaturmārārātisamaraparājayaiḥ -

saṃkalpaprabhavo rāgo dveṣo mohaśca kathyate |
śubhāśubhaviparyāsān saṃbhavanti pratītya hi ||1||

saṃkalpo vitarkaḥ | saṃkalpāt prabhavatīti saṃkalpaprabhavaḥ |
kāma jānāmi te mūlaṃ saṃkalpātkila jāyase |
na tvāṃ saṃkalpayiṣyāmi tato me na bhaviṣyasi ||

iti gāthābhidhānāt
saṃkalpaprabhavo rāgo dveṣo mohaśca kathyate |
etanmūlakatvādanyeṣāṃ kleśānāṃ mukhyatvādeṣāmevopādānaṃ trayāṇām | ete ca trayaḥ kleśāḥ -
śubhāśubhaviparyāsān saṃbhavanti pratītya hi |

tatra hi śubhamākāraṃ pratītya rāga utpadyate, aśubhaṃ pratītya dveṣaḥ, viparyāsān pratītya moha utpadyate | saṃkalpastu eṣāṃ trayāṇāmapi sādhāraṇakāraṇamutpattau | kathaṃ punarmohaḥ saṃkalpaprabhavaḥ? ucyate | uktaṃ hi pratītyasamutpāde bhagavatā -

avidyāpi bhikṣavaḥ sahetukā sapratyayā sanidānā | kaśca bhikṣavaḥ avidyāyā hetuḥ? ayoniśo bhikṣavo manaskāro'vidyāyā hetuḥ | āvilo mohajo manaskāro bhikṣavo'vidyāyā hetuḥ || ityataḥ avidyā saṃkalpaprabhavā bhavati ||1||

tataśca -

śubhāśubhaviparyāsān saṃbhavanti pratītya ye |
te svabhāvānna vidyante tasmāt kleśā na tattvataḥ ||2||

iti | yadi rāgādayaḥ svabhāvasiddhāḥ syuḥ, naiva te śubhāśubhaviparyāsān pratītya saṃbhaveyuḥ, svabhāvasya akṛtrimatvāt paranirapekṣatvācca | bhavanti ca śubhāśubhaviparyāsān pratītya, tasmānniḥsvabhāvā eva te | tattvato na vidyante, paramārthataḥ svabhāvato na vidyante ityarthaḥ ||2||

api ca -

ātmano'stitvanāstitvena kathaṃcicca sidhyataḥ |
taṃ vināstitvanāstitve kleśānāṃ sidhyataḥ katham ||3||

ātmano yathā astitvanāstitve na staḥ, tathā uktaṃ vistareṇa | tataśca - tadāśritasya dharmasya kuto'stitvanāstitve bhaviṣyataḥ? ||3||

atha syāt - yadi astitvanāstitve ātmano na staḥ, tadā kimatra kleśānāmāyātam, yatasteṣāmapi astitvanāstitve na staḥ iti ? ucyate -

kasyaciddhi bhavantīme kleśāḥ sa ca na sidhyati |
kaścidāho vinā kaṃcitsanti kleśā na kasyacit ||4||

iha amī rāgādayaḥ kuḍayaṃ citravat phalaṃ pakkatādivacca utpattau āśrayamapekṣante | tataśca kasyacidete bhavanti, na vinā kaṃcidāśrayam | sa ca āśrayaḥ parikalpyamānaḥ ātmā vā cittaṃ vā bhavet | sa caiṣāmāśrayaḥ pūrvameva pratiṣiddhatvānnāsti | taṃ ca kaṃcidāśrayaṃ vinā kasya kleśā bhavantu? naiva kasyacidbhavanti, tasyāvidyamānatvāt, āho vinā kaṃcit santi kleśā na kasyacit ||4||

atrāha - naiva hi kleśānāṃ kaścidāśrayaḥ pūrvaṃ siddho'bhyupagamyate | na ca ātmā nāma kaścidasti, yaḥ āśrayatvena vyavasthāpyeta, nirhetukatvād vyomacūtataruvat | kiṃ tarhi kliṣṭaṃ cittaṃ pratītya kleśā upajāyante, tacca cittaṃ sahaiva kleśairupajāyata iti | etadapi na yuktamityāha -

svakāyadṛṣṭivat kleśāḥ kliṣṭe santi na pañcadhā |
svakāyadṛṣṭivat kliṣṭaṃ kleśeṣvapi na pañcadhā ||5||

svakāyo hi nāma rūpādilakṣaṇasaṃhatiḥ | svakāyadṛṣṭiḥ svakāye ātmadṛṣṭiḥ ātmīyākāra grahaṇapravṛttā | yatheyaṃ pañcadhā vicāryamāṇā svakāye na saṃbhavati,

skandhā na nānyaḥ skandhebhyo nāsmin skandhā na teṣu saḥ |
tathāgataḥ skandhavānna katamo'tra tathāgataḥ ||

ityanena | evaṃ kliṣṭe'pi kleśā vicāryamāṇāḥ pañcadhā na saṃbhavanti | tatra kliśyantīti kleśā kliśyate iti kliṣṭam | tatra yadeva kliṣṭaṃ tadeva kleśā iti na yujyate dagdhṛdāhyayorapyekatva prasaṅgāt | anyat kliṣṭam, anye kleśā iti na yujyate | paratra nirapekṣatvāt, akliṣṭahetuka kleśaprasaṅgāt | ata eva ca ekatvānyatvābhāvādādhārādheyatadvatpakṣāṇāṃ ca abhāvānna kleśeṣu kliṣṭam, na kliṣṭe kleśāḥ, nāpi kleśavat kliṣṭam | ityevaṃ kliṣṭe pañcadhā vicāryamāṇāḥ kleśā na saṃbhavanti | yathā ca kliṣṭahetukāḥ kleśā na saṃbhavanti, evaṃ kleśahetukamapi kliṣṭaṃ kleśeṣu vicāryamāṇaṃ pañcadhā na saṃbhavati | na hi kleśā eva kliṣṭam, kartṛkarmaṇorekatvaprasaṅgāt , nānye kleśā anyat kliṣṭam, nirapekṣatvaprasaṅgāt, na ca kliṣṭe kleśāḥ na ca kleśeṣu kliṣṭam, na kliṣṭavantaḥ kleśāḥ | ityevaṃ svakāyadṛṣṭivadeva kliṣṭaṃ kleśeṣvapi pañcadhā nāsti | yataścaivam, ataḥ parasparāpekṣayāpi kleśākliṣṭayornāsti siddhiḥ ||5||

atrāha - yadyapi tvayā kleśāḥ pratiṣiddhāḥ, tathāpi kleśahetavaḥ śubhāśubhaviparyāsāstāvat santi, tatsadbhāvācca kleśāḥ santīti | ucyate | syuḥ kleśāḥ, yadi śubhāśubhaviparyāsā eva syuḥ, yāvatā ete'pi pratītya sasutpannatvādvakṣyamāṇapratiṣedhācca | yadā ca te na santi svabhāvataḥ , tadā -
svabhāvato na vidyante śubhāśubhaviparyayāḥ |

pratītyasamutpannatvādvakṣyamāṇapratiṣedhācca | yadā ca te na santi svabhāvataḥ, tadā -

pratītya katamān kleśāḥ śubhāśubhaviparyayān ||6||

naiva santi kleśāḥ, taddhetuśubhāśubhaviparyayābhāvādityabhiprāyaḥ ||6||

atrāha - vidyanta eva kleśāḥ, tadālambanasadbhāvāt | iha hi yannāsti, na tasyālambana masti, tadyathā vandhyāsūnoḥ | asti ca rūpaśabdagandharasaspraṣṭavyadharmākhyaṃ ṣaḍvidhamālambanam | tasmādālambanasadbhāvādvidyanta eva kleśā iti | ucyate | astyetat, yad bhavadbhiḥ -

rūpaśabdarasasparśā gandhā dharmāśca ṣaḍvidham |
vastu rāgasya dveṣasya mohasya ca vikalpyate ||7||

tatra vastu ālambanam, vasatīti vā asmin rāgādikam, tadutpatteḥ iti kṛtvā | tacca tadālambanaṃ ṣoḍhā bhavati, indriyāṇāṃ ṣaṇṇāṃ paricchedakarāṇāmanyonyabhedāt | rūpaṃ śabdā gandhā rasāḥ spraṣṭavyāni dharmāśceti | tatra idamihāmutreti nirūpaṇāt, rūpaṇācca rūpam | tena śabdena śabdyante prakāśyante padārthā iti śabdaḥ | gandhyante hiṃsyante yatra prāptāḥ tato'nyatrāgamanād gandhāḥ | rasyate āsvādyate iti rasaḥ | spṛśyate iti sparśaḥ | svalakṣaṇāsādhāraṇānnirvāṇāgradharmādhāraṇāddharmāḥ | tadetat ṣaḍvidhaṃ vastu bhavati | kasya? rāgasya dveṣasya mohasya | tatra rañjanaṃ rāgo raktiradhyavasānam | rajyate vā anena cittamiti rāgaḥ | dūṣaṇaṃ doṣaḥ, āghātaḥ sattvaviṣayo'sattvaviṣayo vā dūṣyate vā anena citamiti doṣaḥ | mohanaṃ mohaḥ saṃmohaḥ padārthasvarūpāparijñānam | muhyate vā anena cittamiti mohaḥ | tadeṣāṃ kleśānāṃ rūpādikaṃ ṣaḍvidhaṃ vastu ālambanaṃ bhavati | tatra śubhākārā dhyāropeṇa yathā rūpādibhyo rāga upajāyate, aśubhākārādhyāropeṇa dveṣaḥ, nityātmādyadhyāropeṇa mohaḥ saṃbhavatīti ||7||

satyaṃ vikalpyate etadbālajanaiḥ ṣaḍvidhaṃ vastu | kiṃ tu avidyamānasvabhāvasattākametad rāgādīnāmālambanatvena parikalpyate bhavatā taimirikairiva asatkeśamaśakamakṣikādvicandrādikamiti pratipādayannāha -

rūpaśabdarasasparśā gandhā dharmāśca kevalāḥ |

kevalā iti parikalpitamātrā niḥsvabhāvā ityarthaḥ | yadi niḥsvabhāvāḥ, kathaṃ tarhi upalabhyante iti? ucyate -

gandharvanagarākārā marīcisvapnasaṃnibhāḥ ||8||

iti ete upalabhyante ||8||

yathā gandharvanagarādiprakhyā ete kevalaṃ viparyāsādupalabhyante, tadā -
aśubhaṃ vā śubhaṃ vāpi kutasteṣu bhaviṣyati |
māyāpuruṣakalpeṣu pratibimbasameṣu ca ||9||

tadanena mithyāśrayasamutpannatvācchubhāśubhayorapi nimittayormṛṣātvameva bhavati | yathoktam -
ahaṃkārodbhavāḥ skandhāḥ so'haṃkāro'nṛto'rthataḥ |
bījaṃ yasyānṛtaṃ tasya prarohaḥ satyataḥ kutaḥ ||
skandhānasatyān dṛṣṭvaivamahaṃkāraḥ prahīyate |
ahaṃkāraprahāṇācca na punaḥ skandhasaṃbhavaḥ ||

iti ||9||

na ca kevalamāśrayamithyātve śubhāśubhayornimittayormithyātvam, api ca anayāpyupapattyā anayormithyātvamiti pratipādayannāha -
anapekṣya śubhaṃ nāstyaśubhaṃ prajñapayemahi |
yatpratītya śubhaṃ tasmācchubhaṃ naivopapadyate ||10||

iha yadi śubhaṃ nāma kiṃcit syāt, niyataṃ tadaśubhamapekṣya bhavet, pārāvāravat , bījāṅkuravat, hrasvadīrghavadvā, śubhasya saṃbandhyantarapadārthasāpekṣatvāt | taccāpyapekṣaṇīyamaśubhaṃ śubhena vinā nāsti | [anapekṣya śubhaṃ nāstyaśubhaṃ ] śubhaṃ nirapekṣyāśubhaṃ nāstītyabhiprāyaḥ | yadaśubhaṃ pratītya yadaśubhamapekṣya śubhaṃ prajñapayemahi vyavasthāpayemahi | yacchabdena anantarasyāśubhasya parāmarśaḥ | prajñapayemahītyanena uttarasya śubhasya saṃbandhaḥ | yataśca evaṃ śubhasya prajñaptau saṃbandhyantaramapekṣaṇīya maśubhākhyaṃ padārthāntaraṃ nāsti, tasmācchubhaṃ naivopapadyate hrasvāsaṃbhavādiva dīrgham, pārāsaṃbhavādiva avāramityabhiprāyaḥ ||10||

idānīmaśubhamapi yathā na saṃbhavati, tathā pratipādayannāha -

anapekṣyāśubhaṃ nāsti śubhaṃ prajñapayemahi |
yatpratītyāśubhaṃ tasmādaśubhaṃ naiva vidyate ||11||

yadi hi aśubhaṃ nāma kiṃcit syāt, niyatameva tacchubhamapekṣya bhavet, pārāvāravat, hrasvadīrghavadvā, aśubhasya saṃbandhyantarapadārthasāpekṣatvāt | taccāpyapekṣaṇīyaṃ śubhamaśubhena vinā nāsti, anapekṣyāśubhaṃ nāsti śubham | aśubhaṃ nirapekṣya śubhaṃ na saṃbhavatītyabhiprāyaḥ | yacchubhaṃ pratītya yacchubhamapekṣya aśubhaṃ prajñapayemahi, aśubhaṃ vyavasthāpayemahi | atrāpi yacchabdena anantarasya śubhasya parāmarśaḥ | prajñapayemahītyanena ca uttarasyāśubhasya saṃbandhaḥ | yataścaivamaśubhasya prajñaptau saṃbandhyantaramapekṣaṇīyaṃ śubhākhyaṃ padārthāntaraṃ nāsti, tasmādaśubhaṃ naiva vidyate ||11||

yataścaivaṃ śubhāśubhayorasaṃbhavaḥ, ataḥ -

avidyamāne ca śubhe kuto rāgo bhaviṣyati |
aśubhe'vidyamāne ca kuto dveṣo bhaviṣyati ||12||

śubhāśubhanimittakayo rāgadveṣayoḥ śubhāśubhanimittābhāve sati nirhetukatvānnāsti saṃbhava ityabhiprāyaḥ ||12||

tadevaṃ śubhāśubhanimittābhāvena rāgadveṣayorabhāvamupapādya viparyāsasvabhāvābhāvapratipādanena mohasyāpyadhunā svabhāvābhāvaṃ pratipādayannāha -

anitye nityamityevaṃ yadi grāho viparyayaḥ |
nānityaṃ vidyate śūnye kuto grāho viparyayaḥ ||13||

iha catvāro viparyāsā ucyante | tadyathā - anitye pratikṣaṇavināśini skandhapañcake yo nityamiti grāhaḥ, sa viparyāsaḥ | tathā -

anityasya dhruvā pīḍā pīḍā yasya na tatsukham |
tasmādanityaṃ yatsarvaṃ duḥkhaṃ taditi jāyate ||

ityamunā nyāyena yadanityaṃ tadduḥkham, sarvasaṃskārāśca anityāḥ, tasmādduḥkhātmake skandhapañcake yaḥ sukhamiti viparīto grāhaḥ, so'paro viparyāsaḥ | tathā -

śukraśoṇitasaṃparkabījaṃ viṇmūtravardhitam |
amedhyarūpamājānan rajyase'tra kayecchayā ||
amedhyapuñjapracchanne tatkledārdreṇa carmaṇā |
yaḥ śayīta sa nārīṇāṃ śayīta jaghanodare || ityādi |

evamidaṃ śarīraṃ sarvātmanā satatamaśucisvabhāvam | tatra yo mohācchucitvena grāho'bhiniveśaḥ , sa viparyāsaḥ | tathā pañcaskandhakamātmalakṣaṇavilakṣaṇamasthiratvādudayavyayadharmitvācca nirātmakamātmasvabhāvaśūnyam, tasmin ya ātmagrāho'bhiniveśaḥ anātmani ātmābhiniveśaḥ, sa viparyāsaḥ | ityete catvāro viparyāsāḥ saṃmohasya hetubhūtāḥ ||

atredānīṃ vicāryate - yadi nityatvaṃ nityadarśanaṃ svabhāvaśūnyeṣu nityagrāho viparyāsa ityevaṃ vyavasthāpyate, nanu ca svabhāvaśūnyeṣu skandheṣu anityatvamapi nāsti, iti

nānityaṃ vidyate śūnye kuto grāho viparyayaḥ |
anityatvaṃ hi viparītamapekṣya nityatvaṃ viparyāsa iti vyavasthāpyate | na ca anityatvaṃ vidyate śūnye | yadā anityatvasyābhāvaḥ, tadā kutastadvirodhi nityatvaṃ nityadarśanaviparyāso bhaviṣyatīti bhāvaḥ |

tasmānnāsti viparyāsaḥ | yathā ca anityatvaṃ śūnye na saṃbhavati bhāvasvabhāvarahite sasvabhāvena anutpanne, evaṃ duḥkhatvamapi na saṃbhavati, aśucitvamapi nāsti | anātmakatvamapi nāsti | yadā ca svabhāvaśūnyatvādduḥkhatvādikaṃ nāsti, tadā kutastadvipakṣabhūtā nityasukhaśucyātmaviparyāsā bhaviṣyanti? tasmāt santi viparyāsāḥ svarūpataḥ | tadabhāve kuto bhaviṣyatyavidyā? hetvabhāvāt | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā -

avidyayā naiva kadāci vidyate
avidyata pratyayasaṃbhavaśca |
avidyamāneyamavidya loke
tasmānmayā ukta avidya eṣā ||

tathā -
kathaṃ bhagavan moho dhāraṇīpadam? bhagavānāha - atyantamukto hi mañjuśrīḥ mohaḥ, tenocyate mohaḥ |
ityādinā viparyaya iti vyavasthāpyate ||13||

nanu evaṃ sati svabhāvena avidyamāne padārthe anityamityapi grāho na saṃbhavati iti asāvapi kasmānna viparyāsa iti vyavasthāpyate iti pratipādayannāha -

anitye nityamityevaṃ yadi grāho viparyayaḥ |
anityamityapi grāhaḥ śūnye kiṃ na viparyayaḥ ||14||

yadā ca ubhayasyāpi vaiparītyaṃ nityasya anityasya ca, tadā tadvayatiriktaṃ tṛtīyamaparaṃ nāsti yanna viparyayaḥ syāt | yadā ca aviparyāso nāsti, tadā kimapekṣo viparyāsaḥ syāditi | tasmādamunāpi nyāyena nāsti viparyayaḥ | tasyābhāvācca nāstyavidyā svarūpataḥ | yathā ca anitye nityamityevaṃ grāho viparyāso na saṃbhavati, evaṃ śeṣaviparyāsāsaṃbhave'pi yojyam | ata evoktaṃ bhagavatā āryadṛḍhāśayaparipṛcchāyām -

bhagavānāha - kimetat kulaputra tasya bhavati yo mārgeṇa niḥsaraṇaṃ paryeṣate? na kulaputra tathāgatena rañjanīyān dharmān parivarjya rāgaprahāṇaṃ prajñaptam, evaṃ na doṣaṇīyān mohanīyāna dharmān parivarjya tathāgatena doṣamohaprahāṇaṃ prajñaptam | tat kasmāddhetoḥ? na kulaputra tathāgatāḥ kasyaciddharmasya utsargāya vā pratilambhāya vā dharmaṃ deśayanti na parijñāyai na prahāṇāya na sākṣātkriyāyai nābhisamayāya na saṃsāracaraṇatāyai na nirvāṇagamanatāyai notkṣepāya na prabhedāya | na hi kulaputra dvayaprabhāvitā tathāgatadharmatā | tatra ye dvaye caranti, na te samyakprayuktāḥ | mithyāprayuktāste vaktavyāḥ | katamacca kulaputra dvayam? ahaṃ rāgaṃ prahāsyāmīti dvayametat | ahaṃ dveṣaṃ prahāsyāmīti dvayametat | ahaṃ mohaṃ prahāsyāmīti dvayametat | ye evaṃprayuktāḥ, na te samyakprayuktā | mithyāprayuktāste veditavyāḥ ||

tadyathāpi nāma kulaputra kaścideva puruṣo māyākāranāṭake pratyupasthite māyākāranirmitāṃ striyaṃ dṛṣṭvā rāgacittamutpādayet | sa rāgaparītacittaḥ parṣacchāradyabhayena utthāyāsanādapakramet | so'pakramya tāmeva striyamaśubhato manasi kuryādanityato duḥkhataḥ śūnyato'nātmato manasi kuryāt | bhagavānāha -evameva kulaputra ihaike bhikṣubhikṣuṇyupāsakopāsikā draṣṭavyāḥ, ye'nutpannān dharmānajātānaśubhato manasi kurvanti, anityato duḥkhato'nātmato manasi kurvanti | nāhaṃ teṣāṃ mohapuruṣāṇāṃ mārgabhāvanāṃ vadāmi | mithyāprayuktāste veditavyāḥ ||

tadyathāpi nāma kulaputra kaścideva puruṣaḥ suptaḥ svapnāntare svagṛhe rājabhāryāṃ paśyet | sa tayā sārdhaṃ śayyāṃ kalpayet | smṛtisaṃmoṣāccaivaṃ kalpayet - viruddho'smīti | sa bhītasrastaḥ palāyet , mā māṃ rājā vidhyet, sa mā māṃ jīvitād vyavaropayet | tat kiṃ manyase kulaputra api nu sa puruṣo bhītasrastaḥ palāyamānastato rājabhāryānidānabhayātparimucyeta? āha - no bhagavan | tatkasya hetoḥ? tathā hi bhagavaṃstena puruṣeṇa astriyāṃ strīsaṃjñā utpāditā, abhūtaṃ ca parikalpitam | bhagavānāha - evameva kulaputra ihaike bhikṣubhikṣuṇyupāsakopāsikā draṣṭavyāḥ, ye arāge rāgasaṃjñāmutpādya rāgabhayabhītā rāganiḥsaraṇaṃ paryeṣante | evamadoṣe doṣasaṃjñāmutpādya doṣabhayabhītā doṣaniḥsaraṇaṃ paryeṣante | amohe mohasaṃjñāmutpādya mohabhayabhītā mohaniḥsaraṇaṃ paryeṣante | nāhaṃ teṣāṃ mohapuruṣāṇāṃ mārgabhāvanāṃ vadāmi | mithyāprayuktāste veditavyāḥ ||

tadyathāpi nāma kulaputra sa puruṣaḥ abhaye bhayasaṃjñāmutpādayedasatsamāropeṇa | evameva kulaputra sarvabālapṛthagjanā rāgakoṭiṃ virāgakoṭimaprajānanto rāgakoṭibhayabhītā virāgakoṭiṃ niḥsaraṇaṃ paryeṣante | doṣakoṭimakiṃcanakoṭimaprajānanto doṣakoṭibhayabhītā akiṃcanakoṭiṃ niḥsaraṇaṃ paryeṣante | mohakoṭiṃ śūnyatākoṭimaprajānanto mohakoṭibhayabhītāḥ śūnyatākoṭiṃ niḥsaraṇaṃ paryeṣante | nāhaṃ teṣāṃ kulaputra mohapuruṣāṇāṃ mārgabhāvanāṃ vadāmi | mithyāprayuktāste veditavyāḥ || iti vistaraḥ ||14||

atrāha - yadyapi anitye nityamityevaṃ grāho viparyayo na saṃbhavati, tathāpi eṣa tāvat grāho'sti | grāhaśca nāma saṃgrahaṇaṃ bhāvarūpaḥ | tasya ca avaśyaṃ sādhanena karaṇena bhavitavyaṃ sādhakatamena nityatvādinā | kartrā ca bhavitavyaṃ svatantreṇa nityātmanā cittena vā | karmaṇā ca karturīpsitatamena viṣayeṇa rūpādinā | satyāṃ ca bhāvakaraṇakartṛkarmaṇāṃ siddhau sarvasiddheriṣṭasiddhiḥ syādasmākamiti | ucyate | alīkeyaṃ pratyāśā | nanu ca yathopavarṇitena nyāyena -

yena gṛhṇāti yogrāho grahītā yacca gṛhyate |
upaśāntāni sarvāṇi tasmādgrāho na vidyate ||15||

iha hi kaścid grahītā yena viśeṣeṇa nityatvādinā karaṇabhūtena kiṃcit karmabhūtaṃ rūpaśabdādikaṃ vastu gṛhṇāti, tadyathā na saṃbhavati tathā pūrvaṃ pratipāditam | kathaṃ kṛtvā ?

anitye nityamityevaṃ yadi grāho viparyayaḥ |

ityādinā yathā nityatvādikaṃ karaṇaṃ na saṃbhavati, tathā pratipāditam | grahītāpi yathā nāsti, tathā -
ātmano'stitvanāstitve na kathaṃcicca sidhyataḥ |

ityanena pratipāditam| yacca gṛhyate tadapi nāsti tathā -
rūpaśabdarasasparśā gandhā dharmāśca kevalāḥ |
ityanena pratipāditam | yadā caivaṃ kartṛkaraṇakarmāṇi na siddhāni, tadā kuto nirhetuko grāho bhaviṣyati? tataśca-

yena gṛhṇāti yo grāho grahītā yacca gṛhyate |
upaśāntāni sarvāṇi

svabhāvena anutpannatvānirvṛtāni sarvāṇītyarthaḥ | yataśca evamevam -
tasmād grāho na vidyate ||

athavā | pratyayaparīkṣādibhiḥ prakaraṇairyasmāt sarveṣāmeva karaṇakartṛkarmaṇāṃ sarvathānutpādaḥ pratipāditaḥ, tasmāt sarvāṇyetāni bhāvasvarūpavirahādupaśāntāni | ataśca grāho na vidyate ||15||

atrāha - vidyanta eva viparyayāḥ, viparītasadbhāvāt | iha hi viparyāsānugato devadatto nāma vidyate | na ca vinā viparyāsaiḥ sa viparyāsānugataḥ saṃbhavati | tasmāt santi viparyāsāḥ viparyastasadbhāvāditi | ucyate | iha asmābhiḥ karaṇakartṛkarmaṇāmabhāvāt sarvathā grāha eva nāstīti pratipāditam | tataśca -

avidyamāne grāhe ca mithyā vā samyageva vā |
bhavedviparyayaḥ kasya bhavetkasyāviparyayaḥ ||16||

samyagvā mithyā vā kasyacit kiṃcidapyagṛhṇataḥ kuto viparītatvamaviparītatvaṃ veti | tasmānna santi viparyayāḥ ||16||

api ca | ime viparyayāḥ kasyacidiṣyamāṇāḥ viparītasya parikalpyeran, aviparītasya vā, viparyasyamānasya vā? sarvathā ca nopapadyante iti pratipādayannāha -

na cāpi viparītasya saṃbhavanti viparyayāḥ |
na cāpyaviparītasya saṃbhavanti viparyayāḥ ||17||

na viparyasyamānasya saṃbhavanti viparyayāḥ |
vimṛśasva svayaṃ kasya saṃbhavanti viparyayāḥ ||18||

tatra tāvadviparītasya viparyayā na saṃbhavanti | kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmāt, yo hi viparīta, sa viparīta eva | kiṃ tasya punarapi viparyayasaṃbandhaḥ kuryāt? niṣprayojanatvāt | aviparītasyāpi viparyayā na yujyante, vibuddhabuddhinayanānāmapi ajñānanidrātimiropaśamād buddhānāṃ viparyaya prasaṅgāt || tathā viparyasyamānasyāpi na santi viparyayāḥ, viparyasyamānasya bhāvasya abhāvāt | ko hi nāma asāvaparaḥ padārthaḥ, yo viparītāviparītavinirmukto viparyasyamāno nāma bhaviṣyati? ardhaviparīto viparyasyamāna iti cet, ardhaviparīto hi nāma yasya kiṃcidviparītaṃ kiṃcidaviparītam | tatra yadasya kiṃcidviparītaṃ tadviparyāso na viparyāsayati, viparyastatvāt | yadapyasya aviparītam, tadapi viparyāso na viparyāsayati, aviparyastatvāt | tasmādviparyasyamānasyāpi kasyacidviparyāsā na saṃbhavanti | yadā caivaṃ viparītāviparītaviparyasyamānā na saṃbhavanti, bhavānidānīṃ vimṛśatu svayaṃ prajñayā madhyasthaḥ san kasya saṃbhavanti viparyāsā iti | tadevamāśrayasyābhāvānna santi viparyayāḥ ||17 -18||

kiṃ cānyat -

anutpannāḥ kathaṃ nāma bhaviṣyanti viparyayāḥ |
viparyayeṣvajāteṣu viparyayagataḥ kutaḥ ||19||

tatra
na svato jāyate bhāvaḥ parato naiva jāyate |
na svataḥ parataśceti viparyayagataḥ kutaḥ ||20||

kuto viparīta ityarthaḥ | tataśca yaduktam - santi viparyayāḥ viparyayagatasadbhāvāditi, tanna yuktam ||19-20||

yasyāpi kathaṃcidviparyāsacatuṣṭayamastyevetyabhyupagamyate, tathāpi tasya viparītatvamaśakyamāsthātum | kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmāt -

ātmā ca śuci nityaṃna sukhaṃ ca yadi vidyate |
ātmā ca śuci nityaṃ ca sukhaṃ ca na viparyayaḥ ||21||

yadi etāni ātmaśucinityasukhāni viparyāsā iti vyavasthāpyante, kimetāni santi, atha na santi ? yadi vidyante, na tarhi viparyāsāḥ, vidyamānatvādanātmādivat ||21||

atha na vidyante, tadā eṣāmavidyamānatvānna kevalaṃ nāsti viparyāsatvam, viparyāsapratibandhyabhāvādanātmādīnāmapi aviparyāsādīnāṃ nāsti sadbhāva iti pratipādayannāha -

nātmā ca śuci nityaṃ ca sukhaṃ ca yadi vidyate |
anātmāśucyanityaṃ ca naiva duḥkhaṃ ca vidyate ||22||

yadi ātmā ca śuci nityaṃ ca na vidyate iti manyase, viparyāsāsaṃbhavāt, evaṃ sati ātmādīnāmapyabhāvād yadi etadanātmādikamaviparyāsatvena gṛhītam, tadapi tarhi tyajyatām, pratiṣedhyābhāve pratiṣedhasyābhāvāt | yadā caivamanātmādikaṃ na saṃbhavati, tadā tadapi svarūpato'vidyamānatvāt ātmādivat kathaṃ na viparyāsaḥ syāt? tasmāt jātijarāmaraṇasaṃsāracārakā mārabandhanānmumukṣubhiraṣṭāvapyete viparyāsāstyājyāḥ ||22||

asya ca yathopavarṇitaviparyāsavicārasya avidyādiprahāṇahetutvena mahārthatāṃ pratipādayannāha -

evaṃ nirudhyate'vidyā viparyayanirodhanāt |
avidyāyāṃ niruddhāyāṃ saṃskārādyaṃ nirudhyate ||23||

yadā ayaṃ yogī yathoditena nyāyena viparyāsān nopalabhate, tadā evaṃ viparyāsānupalambhanena taddhetukā avidyā nirudhyate | tannirodhācca saṃskārādayaḥ avidyāhetukā jarāmaraṇa śokaparidevaduḥkhadaurmanasyopāyāsaparyantā dharmā nirudhyante ||

avidyā hi sakalasyaiva saṃkleśagaṇasya jātyādiduḥkhasya ca hetubhūtā | yathā hi kāyendriyahetukāni sarvāṇi rūpīndriyāṇi kāyendriye nirudhyamāne nirudhyante, evamavidyāhetukāni saṃskārādīni bhavāṅgāni pravartamānāni niyatamavidyāyāṃ niruddhāyāṃ nirudhyante iti pratipādayannāha -
avidyāyāṃ niruddhāyāṃ saṃskārādyaṃ nirudhyate |iti ||

atrāha - yadi viparyāsanirodhādavidyā nirudhyate, asti tarhi avidyā yasyā evaṃ viparyāsa nirodhānnirodho bhavati | na tarhi avidyamānāyā gaganacūtalatāyāḥ prahāṇopāyānveṣamasti | tasmādvidyate eva avidyā, tannirodhopāyānveṣaṇasadbhāvāt | tataśca santi taddhetukā rāgādayaḥ kleśāḥ | kleśāsadbhāvācca astyeva saṃsāre bhavasaṃtatiḥ | ucyate | atra hi nāma atimahadanarthapāṇḍityaṃ parasya, yo hi nāma sarvātmanā atyantaduḥkhāyāsakleśāsamañjase saṃsāre nirantaraphullaphalapradasaṃkleśaviṣavṛkṣe parārthodaya saṃbaddhakakṣaiḥ sādhubhiḥ prajñopāyamahānilabalairniḥśeṣaṃ tadunmūlyamānairna kevalaṃ na sāhāyyenāvatiṣṭhante, api khalu tadunmūlakānāmatimahānilabalānāmiva bhāvasadbhāvavādamahāśailāyamāna ivātivirodhitayā avasthito bhavān āhopuruṣikayā tasyaiva kleśaviṣavṛkṣasya jātijarāmaraṇaśokāyāsavisara duḥkhaikaphalasya sutarāṃ bhāvābhiniveśatoyāsravairāropaṇamādriyate ||

api ca | yadi avidyādīnāṃ saṃkleśānāṃ prahāṇaṃ saṃbhavet, syāt tatprahāṇopāyānveṣaṇam | na ca teṣāṃ prahāṇaṃ saṃbhavati | yadi syāt, tadā tattvarūpato vidyamānānāṃ vā syāt, avidyamānānāṃ vā? kiṃ cātaḥ? tatra yadi svarūpataḥ sadbhatānāṃ kleśānāṃ prahāṇamiṣyate, tannopapadyate| kiṃ kāraṇam? yasmāt -

yadi bhūtāḥ svabhāvena kleśāḥ keciddhi kasyacit |
kathaṃ nāma prahīyeran kaḥ svabhāvaṃ prahāsyati ||24||

svabhāvato vidyamānānāṃ bhāvānāṃ na śakyaḥ svabhāvo vinivartayitum | na hi kṣityādīnāṃ kaṭhinatvādisvabhāvo nivartate | evaṃ yadi ime kleśāḥ svabhāvataḥ sadbhūtāḥ syuḥ | kecidityavidyādayaḥ | kasyaciditi pudgalasya | kathaṃ nāma prahīyeran? naiva te kasyacit kathaṃcinnāma prahīyeran | kasmātpunaḥ na te prahīyante ityāha - kaḥ svabhāvaṃ prahāsyatīti | svabhāvasya vinivartayitumaśakya tvāt | ākāśānāvaraṇavinivartanāsaṃbhavavadityabhiprāyaḥ ||24||

atha svabhāvena asadbhūtā iti vikalpyate, evamapi prahāṇāsaṃbhava evetyāha -

yadyabhūtāḥ svabhāvena kleśāḥ keciddhi kasyacit |
kathaṃ nāma prahīyeran ko'sadbhāvaṃ prahāsyati ||25||

abhūtā api kleśāḥ svabhāvena avidyamānāḥ aśakyā eva prahātum | na hi agneḥ śaityamasaṃvidyamānaṃ śakyamapākartum | evamime'pi kleśāḥ kecid yadi kasyacit svabhāvato na vidyante, kastān prahāsyati? naiva kaścit prahāsyati | tadevamubhayapakṣe'pi prahāṇāsaṃbhavānnāsti prahāṇaṃ kleśānām | prahāṇābhāvācca kutaḥ kleśaprahāṇopāyānveṣaṇamiti | ato yaduktam - vidyanta eva avidyādayaḥ kleśāḥ, tatprahāṇopāyānveṣaṇāditi, tadayuktamiti | yathoktamāryasamādhirāje -

yo rajyeta, yatra vā rajyeta, yena vā rajyeta | yo duṣyeta, yatra vā duṣyeta, yena vā duṣyeta | yo muhyeta yatra vā muhyeta, yena vā muhyeta | sa taṃ dharma na samanupaśyati, taṃ dharmaṃ nopalabhate | sa taṃ dharmamasamanupaśyan anupalabhamāno'rakto'duṣṭo'mūḍho'viparyastacittaḥ samāhita ityucyate | tīrṇaḥ pāraga ityucyate | kṣemaprāpta ityucyate ||iti vistaraḥ |

tathā -
ādarśapṛṣṭhe tatha tailapātre
nirīkṣate nārimukhaṃ svalaṃkṛtam |
so tatra rāgaṃ janayitva bālo
pradhāvito kāmi gaveṣamāṇo ||

mukhasya saṃkrānti yadā na vidyate
bimbe mukhaṃ naiva kadāci labhyate |
mūḍho yathā so janayeta rāgaṃ
tathopamān jānatha sarvadharmān ||ityādi |

tathā -
rūpeṇa darśitā bodhī bodhaye rūpa darśitam |
viṣabhāgena śabdena uttaro dharmu deśitaḥ ||

śabdena uttaraṃ rūpaṃ gambhīraṃ ca svabhāvataḥ |
samaṃ rūpaṃ ca bodhiśca nānātvaṃ na sa labhyate ||

yathā nirvāṇu gambhīraṃ śabdena saṃprakāśitam |
labhyate na ca nirvāṇaṃ sa ca śabdo na labhyate |

śabdaścāpi nirvāṇaṃ ca ubhayaṃ tanna labhyate |
evaṃ śūnyeṣu dharmeṣu nirvāṇaṃ saṃprakāśitam ||

nirvāṇaṃ nivṛttireva nirvāṇaṃ ca na labhyate |
apravṛttirhi dharmāṇāṃ yathā paścāttathā purā ||

sarvadharmāḥ svabhāvena nirvāṇasamasādṛśāḥ |
jñātā naiṣkramyasārehi ye yuktā buddhabodhaye ||

tathā -
jñānena jānāmyahu skandhaśūnyatāṃ
jñātvā ca kleśehi na saṃvasāmi |
vyāhāramātreṇa hi vyāharāmi
parinirvṛto lokamimaṃ carāmi ||

tathā -
parinirvṛta loki te śūrā
yehi svabhāvata jñātibhi dharmāḥ |
kāmaguṇairhi caranti asaṅgāḥ
saṅgu vivarjiya sattva vinenti ||

iti ||25||

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau
viparyāsaparīkṣā nāma trayoviṃśatitamaṃ prakaraṇam ||
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