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Trayodaśamaṃ prakaraṇam

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saṃskāraparīkṣā trayodaśamaṃ prakaraṇam |

yataścaivaṃ samanantarātikrāntaprakaraṇavidhinā svaparobhayakṛtatvamahetusamutpanatvaṃ ca nirūpyamāṇaṃ bhāvānāmasat, anyaścotpādako vidhirasan, utpannarūpatvena caite bhāvā avidyātimiropahatamatinayanānāṃ bālapṛthagjanānāṃ khyānti, tasmānniḥsvabhāvā eva santo bālānāṃ visaṃvādakā māyākarituragādivat tadanabhijñānāṃ na tu vijñānām | ata eva sarvadharmasvābhāvāvyāparokṣadhīnayanaḥ samunmūlitāśeṣā vidyāvāsanaḥ caturviparyāsaviparyastātrāṇasattvaparitrāṇāya aviparītanaiḥ svābhāvyopadeśatatparo buddho jagadvibodhako mahākāruṇikaḥ -

tanmṛṣā moṣadharma yadbhagavānityabhāṣata |
sarve ca moṣadharmāṇaḥ saṃskārāstena te mṛṣā ||1||

sūtre uktam- tanmṛṣā moṣadharma yadidaṃ saṃskṛtam | etaddhi khalu bhikṣavaḥ paramaṃ satyaṃ yadidamamoṣadharma nirvāṇam | sarvasaṃskārāśca mṛṣā moṣadharmāṇaḥ iti | tathā - nāstyatra tathatā avitathatā vā | moṣadharmakamapyetat | pralopadharmakamapyetat iti | tadanena nyāyena yanmoṣadharma tanmṛṣetyevaṃ yasmāduktavāṃstathāgato bhagavān, sarve ca moṣadharmāṇaḥ saṃskārāḥ, tasmānmoṣadharmakatvena te saṃskārā mṛṣā bhavanti citrakarayantradārikāvat, lakṣaṇopetayantramayavāraṇavañcitodayanavatsarājavat | tatra visaṃvādakaṃ moṣadharmakaṃ vitathakhyātyālātacakravat | ato niḥsvabhāvatvena mṛṣā sarvasaṃskārāḥ moṣadharmakatvāt marīcikādijalavat | yattu satyaṃ na tanmoṣadharmakam, tadyathā nirvāṇamekam | tataśca vihitayā upapattyā asmāccāgamāt siddhaṃ sarvabhāvānāṃ naiḥsvābhāvyam | śūnyāḥ sarvadharmā niḥsvabhāvayogena iti ca prajñāpāramitā-ardhaśatikāpāṭhāt ||1||

atrāha - yadyevaṃ moṣadharmakatvena sarvasaṃskārāṇāṃ mṛṣātvaṃ pratipāditaṃ bhavatā, nanvevaṃ sati na santi sarve bhāvā iti sarvapadārthāpavādinī mithyādṛṣṭireva syāt | ucyate | satyaṃ moṣadharmakāḥ sarvasaṃskārāḥ, ye'dyāpi bhavantaṃ muṣṇanti | nanu ca bhoḥ,

tanmṛṣā moṣadharma yadyadi kiṃ tatra muṣyate |

yadā asmābhiḥ tanmṛṣā moṣadharmakam ityuktam, tadā kiṃ tatra muṣyate? kiṃ tatrābhāvo bhavati? kaścidyadi padārtho'bhaviṣyat, syāttasyāpavādādabhāvadarśanānmithyādṛṣṭiḥ | yadā tu padārthameva kaṃcinna paśyāmaḥ, tadā kiṃ tatra muṣyate? naiva kiṃcidabhāvo bhavatītyayukto 'yamupālambho bhavataḥ |

atrāha - yadi abhāvadarśanamapi na pratipādyate, kiṃ punaranenāgamena pratipādyata iti ? ucyate -

etattūktaṃ bhagavatā śūnyatāparidīpakam ||2||

yadetaduktaṃ bhagavatā, tanna bhāvānāmabhāvaparidīpakam kiṃ tarhi śūnyatāparidīpakam svabhāvānutpādaparidīpakamityarthaḥ | yathoktamanavataptahradāpasaṃkramaṇasūtre -

yaḥ pratyayairjāyati sa hyajāto
no tasya utpādu sabhāvato'sti |
yaḥ pratyayādhīnu sa śūnya ukto
yaḥ śūnyatāṃ jānati so'pramattaḥ ||

iti ||2||

atrāha - nāyamāgamo bhāvasvabhāvānutpādaṃ paridīpayati, kiṃ tarhi niḥsvabhāvatvam, svabhāva syānavasthāyitvam, vināśitvam, iti | kuta etaditi cet,

bhāvānāṃ niḥsvabhāvatvamanyathābhāvadarśanāt |

vicāryamāṇānāmanyathātvaṃ vipariṇāmadarśanāt ityarthaḥ | etaduktaṃ bhavati - yadi bhāvānāṃ svabhāvo na syāt, tadānīṃ naivaiṣāmanyathātvamupalabhyeta | upalabhyate ca pariṇāmaḥ | tasmātsvabhāvānava sthāyitvameva sūtrārtha iti vijñeyam ||

itaścaitadevam | yasmāt -

asvabhāvo bhāvo nāsti bhāvānāṃ śūnyatā yataḥ ||3||

yo hyasvabhāvo bhāvaḥ, sa nāsti | bhāvānāṃ ca śūnyatā dharma iṣyate | na ca asati dharmiṇi tadāśrito dharma upapadyate | na hi asati vandhyātanaye tacchayāmatopapadyata iti | tasmādastyeva bhāvānāṃ svabhāva iti ||3||

api ca -

kasya syādanyathābhāvaḥ svabhāvaścenna vidyate |

yadi bhāvānāṃ svabhāvo na syāt , yo'yaṃ vipariṇāmalakṣaṇaḥ anyathābhāvaḥ, sa kasya syāditi? atrocyate | evamapi parikalpyamāne

kasya syādanyathābhāvaḥ svabhāvo yadi vidyate ||4||

iha yo dharmo yaṃ padārthaṃ na vyabhicarati, sa tasya svabhāva iti vyapadiśyate, aparapratibaddhatvāt | agnerauṣṇyaṃ hi loke tadavyabhicāritvāt svabhāva ityucyate | tadeva auṣṇyamapsūpalabhyamānaṃ parapratyayasaṃbhūtatvātkṛtrimatvānna svabhāva iti | yadā caivamavyabhicāriṇā svabhāvena bhavitavyam, tadā asya avyabhicāritvādanyathābhāvaḥ syādabhāvaḥ | na hi agniḥ śaityaṃ pratipadyate | evaṃ bhāvānāṃ sati svabhāvābhyupagame'nyathātvameva na saṃbhavet | upalabhyate caiṣāmanyathātvam | ato nāsti svabhāvaḥ ||4||

api ca | ayamanyathābhāvo bhāvānāṃ naiva saṃbhavati, yaddarśanātsasvabhāvatā syāt | yathā ca na saṃbhavati, tathā pratipādayannāha -

tasyaiva nānyathābhāvo nāpyanyasyaiva yujyate |
yuvā na jīryate yasmādyasmājjīrṇo na jīryate ||5||

tasyaiva tāvat prāgvat prāgavasthāyāṃ vartamānasya bhāvasyānyathātvaṃ nopapadyate | tathā hi yūno yuvāvasthāyāmeva vartamānasya nāsti anyathātvam | athāpi avasthāntaraprāptasyaiva anyathātvaṃ parikalpyate, tadapi nopapadyate | anyathātvaṃ nāma jarāyāḥ paryāyaḥ | tadyadi yūno neṣyate, anyasyaiva jīrṇasya bhavatīti, tadapi na yujyate | yasmānna hi jīrṇasya punarjarayā saṃbandhaḥ, niṣprayojanatvāt | kiṃ hi jīrṇasya punarjarayā saṃbandhaḥ kuryāt? tadāgamanāntareṇa jīrṇatābhāvā jjīrṇo jīryata iti na yujyate | atha yūna evānyathābhāvaḥ, tadayuktam, aprāptajarāvasthasya yuveti vyapadeśāt, avasthādvayasya ca parasparaviruddhatvāt ||5||

api ca |
tasya cedanyathābhāvaḥ kṣīrameva bhaveddadhi |

atha syāt- kṣīrāvasthāparityāgena dadhyavasthā bhavati, ataḥ na kṣīrameva dadhi bhavatīti | ucyate | yadi kṣīraṃ dadhi bhavatīti neṣyate parasparavirodhāt -

kṣīrādanyasya kasyātha dadhibhāvo bhaviṣyati ||6||

kimudakasya dadhibhāvo bhavatu? tasmādasaṃbaddhameva tadanyasya dadhibhāvo bhaviṣyatīti | tadevamanyathātvāsaṃbhavāt kutastaddarśanāt sasvabhāvatā bhāvānāṃ prasetsyatīti na yuktametat | yathoktamāryaratnākaramahāyānasūtre -

yo na pi jāyati no cupapadyī
no cyavate na pi jīryati dharmaḥ |
taṃ jinu darśayatī narasiṃha
tatra nideśayi sattva maharṣī | |
yasya svabhāva na vidyati kaści
no'parabhāvatu kenaci labdhaḥ |
nāntarato na pi bāhirato vā
labhyati tatra niveśayi nāthaḥ ||
śānta gatī kathitā sugatena
no ca gatī upapadyati kāci |
tatra ca vyoharasī gatimukto
muktaku mocayasī bahusattvān ||

sarvi vadesi nirātmaka dharmān
sattvatu grāhatu mocasi lokam |
mukta svayaṃ gatito gatimukto
tenasi pāragato na ca tīrṇaḥ ||
pāragato'si bhavārṇavatīrṇaḥ
pāragato na ca labhyati kaści |
pāru na vidyati nāpi apāru
pāragato'smi vadesi ca vākyam ||
vāca na vidyati yāṃca vadesi
yaṃ pi vadesi na vidyati taṃ pi |
yasya vadesi na vidyati so'pi
yo'pi vijānati so'pi asanto ||
tatra praṇaṣṭu jagaṃ imu sarvaṃ
vitathavikalpaniveśavaśena |
śānta vijānati yo naru dharmāṃ
stehi tathāgatu dṛṣṭa svayaṃbhūḥ ||
śānta prajānati dharma praṇītān
prīti sa vindati toṣati sattvān |
so bhavatī jinu jitvena kleśān
ātma |
tena vijānita bodhi jinānāṃ
buddhiya bodhayate sa jagaṃ pi |

ityādi ||6||

yaccoktam - asvabhāvo bhāvo naivāsti, śūnyatā ca bhāvānāmiṣyate, tasmādasti śūnyatāaśrayo bhāvasvabhāva iti , etadapi na yujyate ityāha -
yadyaśūnyaṃ bhavetkiṃcitsyācchūnyamiti kiṃcana |
na kiṃcidastyaśūnyaṃ ca kutaḥ śūnyaṃ bhaviṣyati ||7||

yadi śūnyatā nāma kācit syāt, tadā tadāśrayo bhāvasvabhāvaḥ syāt | na tvevam | iha hi śūnyatā nāmeti sarvadharmāṇāṃ sāmānyalakṣaṇamityabhyupagamāt aśūnyadharmābhāvādaśūnyataiva nāsti | yadā ca aśūnyāḥ padārthā na santi, aśūnyatā ca nāsti, tadā pratipakṣanirapekṣatvā cchūnyatāpi khapuṣpamālāvannāstītyavasīyatām | yadā ca śūnyatā nāsti, tadātadāśrayā api padārthā na santīti sthitamavikalam ||7||

atrāha - trīṇi vimokṣamukhāni śūnyatānimittāpraṇihitākhyāni vimuktaye vineyebhyo bhagavatā nirdiṣṭāni sarvatīrthikasamayāsādhāraṇāni saugata eva pravacane samupalabhyante | yeṣāmupadeśārthameva buddhā bhagavanto'śeṣatīrthyavādamahāmohāndhakārānugatajagati jagadekapradīpā nairātmyopadeśāvicchinnaśikhā utpadyante | sa bhavāṃstathāgatapravacanavyākhyānavyājena idānīṃ tāmeva śūnyatāṃ pratikṣeptumārabdhavān, ityalaṃ bhavatā svargāpavargamārgasamucchedakeneti | ucyate | aho vata bhavānatyunmukha iva atyantaviparyāsānnirvāṇapuragāminaṃ śivamṛjuṃ paramaṃ panthānamavadhūya bhāvābhiniveśavyā, kulitaṃ saṃsārakāntārānugameva mārgaṃ mokṣapuragāmitvena samāśrito nirmumukṣuḥ san saṃsārāṭavīkāntāraḥ sadbhirupālabhya eva san abhimānābhiniveśagrahapavaraśatayā tānevopālabhate | nanu bhoḥ, niravaśeṣa kleśavyādhicikitsakairmahāvaidyarājaiḥ -

śūnyatā sarvadṛṣṭīnāṃ proktā niḥsaraṇaṃ jinaiḥ |
yeṣāṃ tu śūnyatā dṛṣṭistānasādhyān babhāṣire ||8||

iha sarveṣāmeva dṛṣṭikṛtānāṃ sarvagrahābhiniveśānāṃ yaniḥsaraṇamapravṛttiḥ sā śūnyatā | na ca dṛṣṭikṛtānāṃ nivṛttimātraṃ bhāvaḥ | ye tu tasyāmapi śūnyatāyāṃ bhāvābhiniveśinaḥ, tān prati avācakā vayamiti kuto'smadupadeśāt sakalakalpanāvyāvṛttyā mokṣo bhaviṣyati? yaḥ nakiṃcidapi te paṇyaṃ dāsyāmītyuktaḥ, sa cet ' dehi bhostadeva mahyaṃ nakiṃcinnāma paṇyam,' iti brūyāt, sa kenopāyena śakyaḥ paṇyābhāvaṃ grāhayitum? evaṃ yeṣāṃ śūnyatāyāmapi bhāvābhiniveśaḥ, kenedānīṃ sa teṣāṃ tasyāṃ bhāvābhiniveśo niṣidhyatāmiti? ato mahābhaiṣajye'pi doṣasaṃjñitvāt paramacikitsakairmahāvaidyaistathāgataiḥ pratyākhyātā eva te | yathoktaṃ bhagavatā āryaratnakūṭasūtre -

yanna śūnyatayā dharmān śūnyān karoti, api tu dharmā eva śūnyāḥ | yannānimittena dharmānanimittān karoti, api tu dharmā evānimittāḥ | yannāpraṇihitena dharmānapraṇihitān karoti, api tu dharmā evāpraṇihitāḥ | yaivaṃ pratyavekṣā, iyamucyate kāśyapa madhyamā pratipaddharmāṇāṃ bhūtapratyavekṣā | ye hi kāśyapa śūnyatopalambhena śūnyatāṃ pratisaranti, tānahaṃ naṣṭapraṇaṣṭāniti vadāmi ||

iti pravacanāt ||

tathā -
varaṃ khalu kāśyapa sumerumātrā pudgaladṛṣṭirāśritā, na tveva abhāvābhiniveśikasya śūnyatādṛṣṭiḥ | tatkasya hetoḥ? sarvadṛṣṭikṛtānāṃ hi kāśyapa śūnyatā niḥsaraṇam | yasya khalu punaḥ śūnyataiva dṛṣṭiḥ, tamahamacikitsyamiti vadāmi | tadyathā kāśyapa glānaḥ puruṣaḥ syāt | tasmai vaidyo bhaiṣajyaṃ dadyāt | tasya tadbhaiṣajyaṃ sarvadoṣānuccārya svayaṃ koṣṭhagataṃ na niḥsaret | tatkiṃ manyase kāśyapa api tu sa puruṣastato glānyānmukto bhavet? no hīdaṃ bhagavan | gāḍhataraṃ tasya puruṣasya glānyaṃ bhavet, yasya tadbhaiṣajyaṃ sarvadoṣānuccārya koṣṭhagataṃ na niḥsaret | bhagavānāha -evameva kāśyapa sarvadṛṣṭikṛtānāṃ śūnyatā niḥsaraṇam | yasya khalu punaḥ śūnyataiva dṛṣṭiḥ, tamahamacikitsyamiti vadāmi ||iti ||8||

ityācāryacandrakīrtipādoparacitāyāṃ prasannapadāyāṃ madhyamakavṛttau
saṃskāraparīkṣā nāma trayodaśamaṃ prakaraṇam ||